{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:48:50Z","timestamp":1787017730039,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":296,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Haemonchus contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is one of the most common and fatal pathogenic gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants causing significant economic losses, particularly in low\u2010income countries. A cross\u2010sectional study was carried out in randomly selected small ruminants kept under traditional husbandry systems in the Apac district (now split into Apac and Kwania districts) in northern Uganda to assess the prevalence, intensity, and associated risk factors of\n                    <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection from May 2018 to January 2019. Faecal samples were collected from a total of 768 randomly selected small ruminants (384 sheep and 384 goats) and examined for parasites using the floatation method and coproculture. The overall prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in small ruminants was 73.3% (563\/768) by faecal egg count and 70.6% (542\/768) by coproculture. The mean number of eggs per gram of faeces in small ruminants was 2046 \u00b1 107 and differed significantly across the host animals ranging from 1729 \u00b1 120 (mean \u00b1 SE) in goats to 2364 \u00b1 176 in sheep. Significant predictors of infection were the origin of study animals, animal species, breed of animal, age of study animal, faecal consistency, lactation, multispecies grazing, grazing method, and anthelmintic use. The findings of our study provide information on the current status of\n                    <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections in goats and sheep under traditional husbandry systems in Uganda which are critical in designing effective control strategies for the disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/8812142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T05:38:59Z","timestamp":1729661939000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Haemonchosis in Small Ruminants Under Traditional Husbandry Systems in Apac District, Northern Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"given":"Charles Dickens","family":"Opeto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0131-4760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harriet","family":"Angwech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Acaye","family":"Ongwech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benard","family":"Abola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Odongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey M.","family":"Malinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","unstructured":"BehnkeR.andNakiryaM. The contribution of goats and sheep to Uganda\u2019s economy: IGAD livestock policy initiative 2012 http:\/\/core.ac.uk\/download\/pdf\/132642444.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8010005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","unstructured":"UBOS Statistical abstract 2018 https:\/\/africaopendata.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2016.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-010-9532-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19080\/JDVS.2018.08.555740"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","unstructured":"UBOS Statistical abstract 2017 https:\/\/www.ubos.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/The_GPSS_Report_2017_12_7_2018.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2006.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12182339"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9790\/2380-071223641"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","first-page":"32","article-title":"Biochemical studies and serodiagnosis of haemonchosis in sheep and goats","volume":"22","author":"Qamar F.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7579.1000110.doi:10.4172\/2157-7579.1000110"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological practices in management of livestock helminthes by pastoral communities in the drylands of Uganda","volume":"23","author":"Nalule A. S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Livestock Research for Rural Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ujas.v19i1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ujas.v16i1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/vr.2011.39.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","first-page":"315","article-title":"Small ruminants haemonchosis: prevalence and associated risk factors in Arsi Negelle municipal abattoir, Ethiopia","volume":"15","author":"Badaso T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3602081"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-011-9954-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","volume-title":"National population and housing census 2014","author":"UBOS","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001316447003000308"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJAR12.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","volume-title":"Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals","author":"Soulsby E. J. L.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"Comparison of common fecal flotation techniques for the recovery of parasite eggs and oocysts","volume":"6","author":"Dryden M. W.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Veterinary Therapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","volume-title":"Modified McMaster\u2019s fecal egg counting technique","author":"Glennon H.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","volume-title":"The epidemiology, diagnosis and control of helminth parasites of ruminants. A handbook","author":"Hansen J.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","volume-title":"Veterinary parasitology","author":"Taylor M. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200006131X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05680-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-4488(02)00031-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-018-1637-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-020-01249-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7579.1000428"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_2","article-title":"Prevalence of Haemonchosis and Associated Risk Factors in Small Ruminants Slaughtered at Bishoftu ELFORA Export Abattoir, Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"Abdo B.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Natural Sciences Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v70i4.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/javar.2021.h550"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/helm-2022-0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-015-0961-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800053388"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-017-1390-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731111000681"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/jasa.20130219031609"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/jas.v6n4p109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005274502184"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/8812142","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T05:39:06Z","timestamp":1729661946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/8812142"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Eugenia","family":"L\u00f3pez-Arellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/8812142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/8812142","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0023","2090-0031"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0023","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-0031","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"8812142"}}