{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T07:11:53Z","timestamp":1771053113174,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This research presents a novel hybrid optimization framework combining artificial neural networks (ANN) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to mitigate the high peak\u2010to\u2010average power ratio (PAPR) in asymmetrically clipped optical\u2010orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO\u2010OFDM) systems. While conventional PTS effectively reduces PAPR, it suffers from high computational complexity and suboptimal phase factor selection. We propose an ANN\u2010aided PSO (ANN\u2010PSO) mechanism where a lightweight feed\u2010forward neural network dynamically tunes the PSO inertia weight (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and acceleration coefficients (\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\u200b\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) during the search process, balancing global exploration and local exploitation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed ANN\u2010PSO\u2010PTS scheme achieves a PAPR reduction of 6.9\u2009dB at a CCDF of 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    for 16\u2010QAM modulation, outperforming standard PSO and SLM techniques by approximately 1.2\u2009dB. The proposed model demonstrates distinct advantages over established baselines: It provides a 0.3\u2009dB improvement over selective mapping (SLM) and 0.6\u2009dB over tone reservation (TR) without incurring the spectral efficiency penalty associated with reserved tones. Furthermore, the ANN\u2010adaptive mechanism successfully overcomes the premature convergence observed in standard PSO (which stagnates at \u223c8.2\u2009dB), while the optimized swarm search reduces computational runtime by approximately 73% compared to the SLM baseline. The system maintains a robust bit error rate (BER) performance of 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n                    at reduced SNR levels compared to conventional ACO\u2010OFDM. These findings confirm the efficacy of metaheuristic\u2010neural hybrids in delivering robust, low\u2010complexity optimization for optical wireless communication systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/acis\/6675554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T06:57:40Z","timestamp":1771052260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PSO Algorithm on PAPR Reduction Performance of Asymmetrically Clipped Optical\u2010OFDM"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2088-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermansyah","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1708-8910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anuar Mat","family":"Safar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1437-150X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norizan Mohamed","family":"Nawawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3701-1131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Nordin","family":"Junita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7398-9479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aymen Abdalmunam","family":"Hameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/signals3020023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/756719"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9547212"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3921"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.24.003950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1477153520926200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2018.05.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2928944"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2020.164175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2018.2869598"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2018.2827940"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2016.2555620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EigalatH. 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