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Building on the observation that reduced road quality and limited visibility significantly alter driver behavior, particularly in response to preceding vehicles\u2019 taillights, we formulate a model that captures these complex interactions neglected by classical approaches. Through systematic mathematical analysis, we first demonstrate that the vector\u2013matrix formulation yields a strictly hyperbolic and anisotropic system, characterized by finite\u2010speed wave propagation along distinct characteristic fields. We then establish the model\u2019s theoretical foundations by conducting a linear stability analysis that quantitatively links traffic stability to key parameters including driver sensitivity, headway, and road condition factors. Numerical simulations validate our analytical framework, revealing how small initial density perturbations evolve into characteristic traffic wave phenomena: shock formations, rarefaction waves, and stop\u2010and\u2010go clusters. These results not only confirm the model\u2019s ability to reproduce realistic traffic patterns under infrastructure constraints but also provide mechanistic insights into the emergence of congestion in poor road conditions. By integrating taillight dynamics with road quality effects, this work advances macroscopic traffic theory while offering practical tools for traffic management in low\u2010maintenance road networks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jama\/9980823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T02:50:30Z","timestamp":1750301430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Modeling Vehicular Traffic Flow With Taillight Effect on Deteriorated Roads"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9906-2970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel O.","family":"Fosu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2816-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gideon 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