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Huperzine B (HupB), an alkaloid derived from\n                    <jats:italic>Huperzia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, has demonstrated antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase\u2010inhibitory activity; however, its effects in toxin\u2010induced cellular models of mitochondrial oxidative injury remain incompletely characterized. This study investigated the effects of HupB and an extract derived from\n                    <jats:italic>Huperzia carinata<\/jats:italic>\n                    (E1) in 1\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenylpyridinium (MPP\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    )\u2010induced SH\u2010SY5Y cells. LC\u2013MS\/MS analysis identified Huperzines A, B, and caffeic acid in E1. Cells were pretreated with HupB or E1 prior to exposure to 1\u2009mM MPP\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Cell viability, nuclear morphology, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzyme activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (JC\u20101), apoptosis\u2010related proteins (Bax\/Bcl\u20102), and global proteomic profiles were evaluated. HupB and E1 attenuated MPP\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010induced reductions in cell viability and ROS elevation, while partially improving glutathione levels and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. MPP\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas pretreatments did not produce significant restoration. Similarly, Bax\/Bcl\u20102 expression showed no significant modulation despite trends toward normalization at higher concentrations. Proteomic analysis revealed altered expression of proteins associated with negative regulation of apoptosis and cellular stress responses. These findings indicate that HupB and\n                    <jats:italic>H. carinata<\/jats:italic>\n                    extract are associated with modulation of oxidative and proteostasis\u2010related responses in an MPP\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010induced undifferentiated SH\u2010SY5Y cellular injury model, supporting further investigation in more physiologically relevant systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/adpp\/6446024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:53:14Z","timestamp":1789991594000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuroprotective Effects of Huperzine B and\n                    <i>Huperzia carinata<\/i>\n                    Extract Against MPP\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    \u2010Induced Oxidative Stress in SH\u2010SY5Y Cells"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1802-023X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kittikun","family":"Viwatpinyo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0275-6234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poommaree","family":"Namchaiw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7991-6414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pipob","family":"Suwanchaikasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9646-2394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujira","family":"Mukda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8755-0520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudichhya","family":"Tamrakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0261-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit","family":"Jaisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0299-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakan","family":"Warinhomhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0b013e3181a1d44c"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2018.136"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10020371"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140591"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-012-0905-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26467"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.8940-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1602423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.79.s2a.02","article-title":"Off Spells and Dyskinesias: Pharmacologic Management of Motor Complications","volume":"79","author":"Khan T. 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