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These effects result from the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs), enzyme inhibition, and damage to physiological systems. Plant\u2010derived compounds and phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids, offer a sustainable strategy to mitigate these toxic effects due to their antioxidative, anti\u2010inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and detoxifying properties. Phytochemicals protect fish by scavenging ROS, upregulating antioxidant enzymes (i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), and enhancing detoxification pathways (i.e., cytochrome P450 enzymes and glutathione\u2010S\u2010transferase). They also reduce inflammation by inhibiting pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines and NF\u2010\u03baB signaling and restore immune function by improving phagocytic activity and lymphocyte proliferation. Additionally, phytochemicals counter endocrine disruption and neurotoxicity by stabilizing hormone levels and preventing the accumulation of acetylcholine in neural pathways. Incorporating plant\u2010derived compounds into fish diets can reduce oxidative damage, strengthen immune responses, and enhance fish resilience to pesticide exposure. This review emphasizes the potential of phytochemicals to promote safer, more sustainable aquaculture practices. Further research on dosage and application methods could lead to significant advancements in aquatic toxicology and fish health management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/anu\/5328773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T13:51:45Z","timestamp":1752069105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Mechanisms of Pesticide Toxicity in Fish: Insights Into the Ameliorative Role of Plant\u2010Derived Compounds\u2014A Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5303-711X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayyed Ali","family":"Moezzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudabe","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiadokht","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7098-5648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arash Javanshir","family":"Khoei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","article-title":"Pesticides and Environmental Health: A Review","volume":"5","author":"Anjum M. 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