{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T01:18:28Z","timestamp":1792977508218,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":267,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":267,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008745","name":"Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ALA016-1-19102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALA016-1-19102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aquaculture Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Use of corn\u2010fermented protein (CFP), a new product produced using Fluid Quip Technologies, as a protein source in aquaculture feeds, constitutes a promising option due to its dependable supply and cost\u2010effectiveness. In this study, two growth trials were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of CFP products such as CFPA (48% crude protein [CP]), CFPB1 (50% CP), and CFPB2 (60% CP) from two different sources (A and B) in practical diets for juvenile Pacific white shrimp (\n                    <jats:italic>Litopenaeus vannamei<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). The test diets in both trials were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isolipidic (36% crude protein and 6% crude lipid). These diets were produced by supplementing the basal diet with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% CFPA or 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16% of CFPB1 and CFPB2 to replace soybean meal (SBM) on an isonitrogenous basis. In a 6\u2010week experiment, shrimp (1.02\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02\u2009g mean weight, 15 shrimp per tank,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096) were offered CFPA diets. Growth parameters and protein retention showed no significant differences among diets. However, a significant feed conversion ratio (FCR) increase was observed when shrimp were fed a diet containing 20% CFPA compared to the basal and 5% CFPA diets. Physiological gene expression analysis revealed no signs of gut inflammation or shifts in hepatopancreas digestive enzymes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009 &gt; 0.05). However, the expression of immune\u2010related\n                    <jats:italic>tnf-\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene was significantly upregulated (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009 &lt; 0.05) in shrimp\u2010fed CFPA 25% diet compared to CFPA 5% and control groups. In a 7\u2010week experiment, shrimp (0.55\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01\u2009g, 15 shrimp per tank,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095) received experimental CFPB1 or CFPB2 diets. No differences were observed in growth performance. This research highlights the potential of CFP as a protein source in shrimp diets by expanding the range of feed ingredients and identifying optimal inclusion levels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/anu\/9151629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T09:48:00Z","timestamp":1758793680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Ethanol Coproducts as Sustainable Protein Sources in Pacific White Shrimp (\n                    <i>Litopenaeus vannamei<\/i>\n                    ) Diets"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0954-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trinh H. 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