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Juvenile\n                    <jats:italic>Sparus aurata<\/jats:italic>\n                    were fed three experimental diets for 90 days, followed by 14 days of feed deprivation. The diets consisted of: (i) a control formulation representative of commercial feeds for the species (C+: 20% fishmeal [FM], 9% fish oil [FO]); (ii) a low\u2010FM, predominantly plant\u2010based diet containing 5% FM and 5% FO (C\u2012); and (iii) the same C\u2012 diet supplemented with 1%\n                    <jats:italic>LB-LIVERprotect<\/jats:italic>\n                    nutraceutical (LP). LP supplementation improved specific aspects of fatty acid composition in mesenteric fat, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content and the omega\u20103\/omega\u20106 ratio. These changes were potentially associated with increased hepatic expression of desaturases (\n                    <jats:italic>fads2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>scd1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Fish in the LP group also exhibited a higher mesenteric index (MSI), together with hepatic upregulation of key genes involved in lipid catabolism (\n                    <jats:italic>lpl<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>hl<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>atgl<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>hsl<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Following feed deprivation, a marked reduction in both MSI and the expression of lipid catabolic genes supported active mobilization of mesenteric fat in LP\u2010fed fish. This response was accompanied by signs of hepatic protection during fasting, including preserved energy reserves, a higher hepatosomatic index (HSI), and reduced hepatocyte atrophy. Moreover, LP supplementation partially attenuated several adverse effects observed in the C\u2012 group, such as elevated plasma cortisol levels and increased indicators of energy demand during fasting. Consistently, LP\u2010fed fish showed fewer signs of fasting\u2010induced liver damage, as reflected by an approximately 3.4\u2010fold lower plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity compared to the C\u2012 group. Overall,\n                    <jats:italic>LB-LIVERprotect<\/jats:italic>\n                    shows potential to support fish health and tissue integrity during feed deprivation and to mitigate some of the negative effects associated with plant\u2010based aquafeeds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/anu\/9345086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:00:56Z","timestamp":1779256856000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fasting Reveals the Effects of a Plant Extract\u2010 and Microalgae\u2010Derived Nutraceutical on Lipid Metabolism and Hepatic Physiology in Juvenile\n                    <i>Sparus aurata<\/i>\n                    Fed a Plant\u2010Based Diet"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2638-057X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anyell","family":"Caderno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5203-5473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milagrosa","family":"Oliva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2576-5192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alba","family":"Galafat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2290-0937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Astola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7187-6814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Alarc\u00f3n-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0751-5966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Miguel","family":"Mancera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0151-7250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Martos-Sitcha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-75830-0_21","volume-title":"Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainability Through Aquaculture Technologies","author":"Madhulika","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-53971-8_59","volume-title":"Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology","author":"Soto J. 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