{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T16:03:30Z","timestamp":1775059410813,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":289,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021573","name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021573","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advances in Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Human immunodeficiency virus\u20101 (HIV\u20101) is among the most genetically diverse pathogens due to expeditious molecular evolution. The rapid change in HIV genomes intricates HIV transmission and progression and attributes HIV resistance to antiretroviral therapy (ART). In East Africa, as in other parts of the globe, HIV\u20101 occurs in various subtypes, circulating recombinant form (CRF) and unique recombinant forms, with subtype A1 being the most predominant. Surveillance of HIV\u20101 molecular diversity and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) is a linchpin for monitoring viral evolution and treatment efficiency. However, consolidated reports on the same are limited, and therefore, the pursuit of meta\u2010analysis was sought to analyze genetic diversity and drug resistance patterns of HIV\u20101 pol gene and their geographical distributions in four East African countries (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Ethiopia). We retrieved 7614 HIV\u20101 pol gene sequences, deposited between 2015 and 2025 from the Los Alamos HIV databases. The predominant HIV\u20101 subtypes were A1 (40.2%), C (21.5%), and D (17.7%), with geographical variability. A notable frequency of inter\u2010subtype recombinant was observed with recombinants A1D (9.5%) and A1C (2.94%) being prevalent. Few CRFs (&gt; 0.1%) were identified. DRM were present in 42.8% of the sequences, with the majority associated with NNRTIs (36.5%) and NRTIs (25.5%). The most frequently associated mutations were K103N and M184V. Although resistance to INSTI (3.7%) remained minimal, its presence warrants continued monitoring. A significant association between HIV\u20101 subtypes and DRM prevalence was observed (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u2009102.43,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.0001), with subtypes showing varied resistance burdens. These findings underscore the variability in HIV\u20101 genetic diversity across studied East African countries, highlighting the need for region\u2010specific interventions, to optimize HIV\u20101 control in this region.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/av\/2801818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T08:03:44Z","timestamp":1760688224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance Patterns of HIV\u20101 Pol Gene in East Africa"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6731-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aneth Nzinyangwa","family":"Kavuraya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5788-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teddy","family":"Mselle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5287-5501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulgence Ntangere","family":"Mpenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","unstructured":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS UNAIDS Fact Sheet 2024-Latest Global and Regional HIV Statistics on the Status of the AIDS Epidemic 2024 https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","unstructured":"WHO J0482-Who-Ias-Hiv-Statistics_Aw-1_Final_Ys 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","unstructured":"UNAIDS Regional. 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