{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T07:21:12Z","timestamp":1783581672166,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":188,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Nephrolithiasis affects approximately 12% of the global population and is increasingly diagnosed at younger ages, highlighting the need for safer and more effective therapeutic options. Although\n                    <jats:italic>Petroselinum crispum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P. crispum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is traditionally recognized for its diuretic properties, its specific curative efficacy against established calcium oxalate stones and its impact on the underlying oxidative stress pathways remain insufficiently characterized. Additionally, there is a critical need to validate the dose\u2010dependent renoprotective mechanisms of the plant\u2032s extract to bridge the gap between ethnomedicinal use and clinical application. This study evaluated the renoprotective and antiurolithiatic potential of\n                    <jats:italic>P. crispum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ethanolic leaf extract in a well\u2010established rat model of ethylene glycol\u2013induced nephrolithiasis. Male albino rats received 1% ammonium chloride and 0.75% ethylene glycol for 28 days to induce lithiasis. From Day 15 onward, two groups were treated orally with\n                    <jats:italic>P. crispum<\/jats:italic>\n                    extract at 300 or 600\u2009mg\/kg. Biochemical analyses of urine, serum, and kidney tissue, along with histopathological assessments, were performed. Ethylene glycol administration caused marked lithogenic changes, including decreased urine volume, elevated urinary pH, increased calcium excretion, oxidative stress, and impaired renal function. Moreover, it restored antioxidant status by elevating glutathione and reducing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels. Histopathological analysis confirmed a protective effect, with decreased crystal deposition and preservation of renal tubular architecture. These findings suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>P. crispum<\/jats:italic>\n                    exerts multimechanistic protective effects\u2014diuretic, antioxidant, and nephroprotective\u2014against urolithiasis. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the extract\u2032s molecular mechanisms and validate its clinical potential as a plant\u2010based therapeutic agent for kidney stone prevention and management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/1306129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:57:31Z","timestamp":1783580251000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Petroselinum crispum<\/i>\n                    (Parsley) Leaf Extract Attenuates Ethylene Glycol\u2013Induced Nephrolithiasis Through Antioxidant and Renoprotective Effects"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3802-4718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah H.","family":"Al-Gamli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6009-5166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah H.","family":"Maad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1132-9659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loai","family":"Aljerf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1873-6618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled A.","family":"Alhumaidha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4931-7098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashier","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8591-8977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed E.","family":"Shayoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9087-6863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muaaz","family":"Alajlani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-822896-8.00035-2","volume-title":"Water-Formed Deposits","author":"Oner M.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-020-0320-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2019.0245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2007.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07992-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6807203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137913.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(79)90107-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13041114"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48309\/jmpcr.2024.450324.1174"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.08.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1494740"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","volume-title":"Trease and Evans\u2032 Pharmacognosy","author":"Evans W. 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