{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T07:57:38Z","timestamp":1781337458668,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":163,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Systemic inflammation links periodontal disease (PD) and nephrolithiasis. Proinflammatory cytokines like IL\u20106, IL\u20108, TNF\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , IL\u20101\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and MMP\u20108 are implicated in both conditions. This study investigates salivary levels of these biomarkers in young adult males with kidney stones and their association with periodontal status (CPITN) and body mass index (BMI).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This case\u2010control study enrolled 109 males (25\u201335 years): 52 with kidney stones and 57 healthy controls. Unstimulated whole saliva was analyzed for IL\u20106, IL\u20108, TNF\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , IL\u20101\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and MMP\u20108 via ELISA. Periodontal health was assessed using the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN). Serum C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) and BMI were also measured.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The kidney stone group had significantly higher salivary IL\u20106 (3.95 [2.0\u20135.2]\u2009pg\/mL vs. 2.7 [1.5\u20134.0]\u2009pg\/mL; adj.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.042) and TNF\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (11.99 [8.5\u201313.8]\u2009pg\/mL vs. 9.5 [7.0\u201311.6]\u2009pg\/mL; adj.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.021) than controls. Differences in IL\u20101\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      (adj.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.051) and MMP\u20108 (adj.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.058) showed a consistent trend toward elevation but did not retain statistical significance after FDR correction. No significant difference was observed in salivary IL\u20108 levels (adj.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.120). Patients also showed elevated CRP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.010) and worse CPITN scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002). In the kidney stone group, salivary IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and MMP\u20108 positively correlated with CPITN scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01), whereas TNF\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      also correlated with BMI (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.048).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Elevated salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) are significantly associated with kidney stones and periodontal status (CPITN) in young males, whereas IL\u20101\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      and MMP\u20108 showed a trend toward elevation. Salivary analysis may be a noninvasive tool for assessing systemic inflammation and identifying at\u2010risk individuals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/1619093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T07:48:05Z","timestamp":1781336885000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Salivary Inflammatory Biomarkers in Males With Nephrolithiasis Correlate With Periodontal Status: A Case\u2010Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Narjes Moneem","family":"Alhelfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5956-0307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali 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