{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T22:28:44Z","timestamp":1769293724267,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Yemen ranks 120th in diabetes\u2010related mortality in 2020, with a mortality rate of 15.42 per 100,000 people. Awareness and early detection of diabetic complications are vital.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n This study is aimed at assessing the awareness of diabetes complications, specifically retinopathy, nephropathy, and hypoglycemia symptoms and associated factors, among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Al\u2010Hudaydah, Yemen, in order to reduce diabetes\u2010related morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted between January and June 2022; 900 randomly selected participants were involved. A prevalidated questionnaire was utilized to assess awareness of diabetic complications. Statistical analyses were performed to identify correlations between demographic factors and awareness levels.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 900 patients (mean age 47.6, mostly male), 60.8% understood common health issues and the need for annual care (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). However, significant awareness gaps were identified: 34.0% were unaware of hypoglycemia symptoms, 40.3% did not recognize the importance of renal testing, and 40.2% lacked awareness of eye examinations. Longer disease duration (>\u20096 years) was associated with lower awareness of hypoglycemia symptoms (OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.72\u20130.98,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.025). Females had lower awareness of renal testing (OR = 0.675, 95% CI 0.56\u20130.82,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01). Higher education doubled awareness (OR = 2.03\u20132.13, 95% CI 1.50\u20132.50,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The study highlights significant gaps in awareness of diabetic complications, particularly hypoglycemia symptoms, renal testing importance, and eye examinations. Younger age and higher education levels were positively associated with awareness, while longer disease duration and female gender were negatively correlated. Targeted educational interventions are essential, especially for older populations and those with lower educational attainment, to enhance diabetes self\u2010care and improve health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/3230665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T10:22:46Z","timestamp":1769250166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Awareness of Vital Complications and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Al\u2010Hudaydah, Yemen: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6656-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled","family":"Alselwy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mogeeb","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","unstructured":"World Life Expectancy Yemen Diabetes Mellitus https:\/\/www.worldlifeexpectancy.com\/yemen-diabetes-mellitus (Accessed November 25 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-Sint"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","article-title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Diabetic Complications among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Malaysia","volume":"162","author":"NoorHasimah N. Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 2019 9th edition https:\/\/www.diabetesatlas.org accessed date."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11491116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","first-page":"1110","article-title":"The Verona Diabetes Study: A Population-Based Survey on Known Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence and 5-Year All-Cause Mortality","volume":"43","author":"Muggeo M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","first-page":"801","article-title":"Awareness, Knowledge, and Perceptions of Heart Disease Among African American Women: An Exploration of the Role of the Culturally Specific Health Belief Model","volume":"21","author":"Egan B. 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A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Clinical Case Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4637-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","article-title":"Characteristics, Risk Factors, Complications, and Prevention of Type-2 Diabetes among South Asians: Pakistan as a Case Study","volume":"6","author":"Nishtar S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Global Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","first-page":"911","article-title":"Awareness About Complications of Diabetes Mellitus Among Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi, India","volume":"17","author":"Kapil U.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","first-page":"11","article-title":"Diabetic Patients\u2019 Knowledge of Complications and Their Risk Factors in Nigeria","volume":"2","author":"Adedoyin R. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","first-page":"879","article-title":"A Study on Awareness of Diabetic Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South India","volume":"17","author":"Menezes R. G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","article-title":"Awareness of Complications of Diabetes Mellitus Among Diabetic Patients","volume":"14","author":"ur Rahim I.","year":"2020","journal-title":"P J m h s"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","first-page":"R78","article-title":"Sociodemographic Factors Influencing Awareness of Diabetes Complication: A Greek Nationwide Survey","volume":"3","author":"Papadakis J. A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrine Connections"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","first-page":"879","article-title":"Sociodemographic Factors Related to Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: An Italian Observational Study","volume":"36","author":"Padezzi S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","first-page":"666","article-title":"Factors Related to the Awareness of Chronic Disease Complications Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China: a Cross-Sectional Study Based on National Surveillance Data from 2015 to 2017","volume":"9","author":"Li X. H.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine Connections"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","article-title":"Knowledge About Diabetes Mellitus Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India \u2013 An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"4","author":"Kumar A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Public Health Research."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","first-page":"388","article-title":"Factors Associated With Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus Complications in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population With Diabetes","volume":"54","author":"Wong J. E.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","article-title":"Factors Associated With Knowledge on Diabetes Mellitus Complications Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Malaysia","volume":"2018","author":"Othman N. 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