{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T12:24:40Z","timestamp":1787833480083,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":238,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most potent naturally occurring mycotoxins and has been implicated in reproductive toxicity. The present study is aimed at evaluating the time\u2010dependent effects of experimental AFB1 exposure on ovarian follicular dynamics, reproductive hormone profiles, and intrinsic apoptosis\u2010related markers in female rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010four mature female Wistar rats were assigned to control and AFB1\u2010exposed groups (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6 per time point). AFB1 was administered intraperitoneally at 20\u2009mg\/kg body weight for 7, 14, and 21 days. Ovarian tissue and serum samples were collected at the end of each designated exposure period. Follicular population and atresia were evaluated histologically; serum concentrations of follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen, and progesterone were measured by ELISA, and the expression patterns of Bcl\u20102, Bax, p53, and caspase\u20103 were assessed using RT\u2010PCR and immunohistochemistry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AFB1 exposure was associated with a time\u2010dependent reduction in total follicular population and a marked increase in follicular atresia. Serum FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone concentrations were significantly decreased in AFB1\u2010exposed animals compared with controls. At the molecular level, AFB1 decreased Bcl\u20102 expression while increasing Bax, p53, and caspase\u20103 expression in ovarian tissue, with prominent immunoreactivity in follicular cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that experimental AFB1 exposure is associated with impaired follicular development, endocrine disruption, and activation of intrinsic apoptosis\u2010related signaling in rat ovaries. The observed coordinated changes suggest a biologically plausible interaction between hormonal imbalance and apoptosis\u2010associated pathways in AFB1\u2010induced follicular atresia, although functional validation is required to confirm direct causal mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/5121993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T12:08:45Z","timestamp":1787832525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aflatoxin B1 Disrupts Ovarian Follicular Dynamics and Activates Intrinsic Apoptosis\u2010Related Signaling in Rat Ovaries: Interactions Between Hormonal Imbalance and Follicular Atresia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5711-1008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farbod","family":"Poursadeghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4309-4831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mazdak","family":"Razi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0420-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Amniattalab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-012-1446-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14120845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22524"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3184\/147020604783637462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2018.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22627"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-064-0:59"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2008.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581814530764"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"998","article-title":"Pathological and Hormonal Effects of Aflatoxins on Reproduction of Female Albino Rats","volume":"5","author":"El M. 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