{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:37:43Z","timestamp":1787312263689,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The risk for\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is three times higher than in the general population. Despite a DM prevalence of 15.8% reported in Libya (2024), the laboratory identification and susceptibility testing of fungal infections in patients with DM are not routinely performed. This cross\u2010sectional study investigated the prevalence and antifungal drug resistance patterns of\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species in the oral mucosa of Libyan patients with Type 2 DM. Oral samples were collected with a sterile cotton swab, and 182\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were phenotypically identified using the API ID 32 C and VITEK 2 Compact systems. Isolates were screened for their susceptibility to fluconazole and five other antifungals using disk diffusion and VITEK AST\u2010YS07 cards. Statistically significant associations were found between\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    carriage and clinical presentation (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.032), denture wearing (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.025) and sex (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.012). Although\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    was the predominant species isolated (37.4%), the majority of isolates comprised non\u2010albicans\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    (NAC).\n                    <jats:italic>Candida humicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida dubliniensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    coexisted with other\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Most\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    species showed susceptibility or dose\u2010dependent susceptibility (DDS) to fluconazole with low resistance to the other antifungal drugs.\n                    <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Candida guilliermondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                    were resistant to fluconazole, and multidrug resistance was observed in some\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>C. dubliniensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>C. krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates.\n                    <jats:italic>Candida membranifaciens and Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed either DDS or resistance to fluconazole. The emerging resistance to second\u2010line antifungals requires the establishment of routine\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    identification and antifungal susceptibility testing to guide species\u2010specific treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/5379778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T03:58:16Z","timestamp":1769140696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Cross\u2010Sectional Study to Determine\n                    <i>Candida<\/i>\n                    spp. Carriage in Libyan Patients With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5816-4569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa H. M.","family":"Esmaio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8160-0005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro M. D. S.","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3451-3408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlene W. J.","family":"Africa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Health Topic: Diabetes 2024 Available athttps:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/diabetes."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 2025 11th edition [Online]. Available at:https:\/\/diabetesatlas.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01655-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031076"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","volume-title":"Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean","author":"World Health 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