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The synthetic strategy involved a multistep process starting with the preparation of triazolylthioacetic acid esters, followed by electrophilic cyclization\u2014employing both conventional bromine and a green, bromine\u2010free method\u2014and culminating in amidation reactions to yield the target compounds. Structural modifications, including the incorporation of pyridinyl and benzoate moieties, were introduced to enhance biological activity. The compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and anti\u2010inflammatory activities. In antimicrobial assays, several derivatives demonstrated selective activity, with Compound\n                    <jats:italic>5f<\/jats:italic>\n                    showing the strongest broad\u2010spectrum antibacterial effects, particularly against\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and Compound\n                    <jats:italic>3e<\/jats:italic>\n                    displaying notable dual\u2010action activity against both bacterial and fungal strains. These observations underscore the influence of specific functional groups on microbial targeting and membrane penetration. Anti\u2010inflammatory potential was assessed via IL\u20106 inhibition using ELISA. Significant reductions in IL\u20106 levels were observed for Compounds\n                    <jats:italic>3a<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>3c<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>3e<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>4<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>5c<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>5f<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>5g<\/jats:italic>\n                    , indicating promising activity, with Compounds\n                    <jats:italic>5c<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>3a<\/jats:italic>\n                    reducing IL\u20106 levels to 7\u2009pg\/mL. The complementary molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities for Compound\n                    <jats:italic>5f<\/jats:italic>\n                    across multiple bacterial enzymes, suggesting effective interactions through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, and hydrophobic forces and supporting its potential to target iron\u2010regulated pathways and fosfomycin resistance mechanisms. Overall, the integrative approach combining synthetic chemistry, biological assays, and computational modeling highlights the potential of these hybrid 1,2,4\u2010triazole derivatives as candidates for further development as antimicrobial and anti\u2010inflammatory agents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/6115993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T07:52:30Z","timestamp":1754898750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Design and Enzyme\u2010Targeted Assessment of 1,2,4\u2010Triazole\u20131,8\u2010Naphthalimide Hybrids in Drug Discovery"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7155-1676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nataliya","family":"Korol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mykhailo","family":"Slyvka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Rusyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleksandra","family":"Pallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svitlana","family":"Burmei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viktoriia","family":"Bestritska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15042427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.04.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.11.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jccs.201900304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2008.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhet.4044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.02.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.200700134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KaurR. 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