{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:54:16Z","timestamp":1781607256531,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":166,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the sealing ability and degradation resistance of a novel hydrogel\u2010based, low\u2010viscosity, light\u2010curable obturation material compared with gutta\u2010percha combined with an epoxy resin\u2013based sealer using a bacterial leakage model and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010seven extracted single\u2010rooted bovine incisors were allocated into four groups: gutta\u2010percha\u2009+\u2009epoxy resin sealer (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 12), hydrogel\u2010based material (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10), positive control with empty canals (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 11), and negative control (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4). Bacterial leakage was assessed using a two\u2010chamber model inoculated with\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Survival times were analyzed using nonparametric tests. For degradation analysis, 30 hydrogel specimens (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6 per medium) were incubated in phosphate\u2010buffered saline (PBS), brain heart infusion (BHI) broth,\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      suspension, sterile\u2010filtered saliva, or pH 10 carbonate buffer. SEM\u2010based Feret diameter measurements were obtained after 1, 8, and 30 days and analyzed using Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Holm\u2010adjusted Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The first leakage occurred after 11 days in the gutta\u2010percha group and after 58 days in the hydrogel group. Forty percent failure was observed after 22 days for gutta\u2010percha and after 121 days for the hydrogel material (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Mean Feret diameter increased most markedly under alkaline conditions (\n                      <jats:italic>\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n                      = +0.100\n                      <jats:italic>\u2009\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      m from Day 1 to Day 30;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), whereas changes in PBS, BHI,\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and saliva remained below 0.05\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      m over 30 days.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The hydrogel\u2010based obturation material demonstrated significantly prolonged resistance to bacterial penetration and maintained structural stability under biologically relevant incubation conditions. Further long\u2010term and in vivo studies are required to confirm clinical performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/6718265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:15:37Z","timestamp":1781604937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Sealing Ability and Degradation Resistance of a Hydrogel\u2010Based Root Canal Filling Material Using a Bacterial Leakage Model and SEM Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Else","family":"Ellermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignasi Belda","family":"Punzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Schmocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Bispinghoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0308-9579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tan F\u0131rat","family":"Ey\u00fcbo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9623-6098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mutlu","family":"\u00d6zcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13736"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.153054"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2012.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-024-01017-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(01)00240-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41529-024-00487-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241287504"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.53604"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-017-1934-z","article-title":"ImageJ2: ImageJ for the Next Generation of Scientific Image Data","volume":"18","author":"Rueden C. 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