{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:13:41Z","timestamp":1785402821057,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":210,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FF-030\/2566"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FF-030\/2566"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hyperglycemia has increasingly been recognized among individuals recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019); the host factors contributing to heterogeneous metabolic outcomes remain poorly understood. This cohort study investigated the association between innate immune genetic polymorphisms and hyperglycemia in post\u2010COVID\u201019 patients. A total of 471 adults with previous mild\u2010to\u2010moderate COVID\u201019 were enrolled through the post\u2010COVID follow\u2010up program at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, and classified as normoglycemic (HbA1c\u2009&lt;\u20095.7%,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 252) or hyperglycemic (HbA1c\u2009\u2265\u20095.7%,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 219). Clinical characteristics, metabolic parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, and immunological measurements were collected during follow\u2010up. Genotyping was performed using the Axiom Human Genotyping SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Research Array, focusing on candidate polymorphisms in innate immune\u2010related genes. Associations between genetic variants and hyperglycemia were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, body mass index, and underlying comorbidities. Participants with hyperglycemia were significantly older and had higher body mass index, greater prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities, elevated C\u2010reactive protein levels, and higher LDL cholesterol compared with normoglycemic individuals. Significant associations were identified in\n                    <jats:italic>NOS2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>CCL2<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The\n                    <jats:italic>NOS2<\/jats:italic>\n                    rs4795067 variant was associated with increased odds of hyperglycemia (adjusted OR = 1.770, 95% CI: 1.137\u20132.756,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.011), whereas rs35051118 showed a protective effect (adjusted OR = 0.613, 95% CI: 0.386\u20130.975,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.039). In\n                    <jats:italic>CCL2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , rs28730833 was strongly associated with hyperglycemia (adjusted OR = 2.977, 95% CI: 1.349\u20136.572,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.007). These findings suggest that innate immune genetic variation may contribute to hyperglycemia in post\u2010COVID\u201019 patients, although independent validation is required.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/7994653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T08:25:32Z","timestamp":1785399932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic Variants in\n                    <i>NOS2<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>CCL2<\/i>\n                    Modulate Risk of Post\u2010COVID\u201019 Hyperglycemia via Immune\u2010Metabolic Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9419-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ganyalak","family":"Chaimaha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4291-3011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nipaporn","family":"Teerawattanapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaweeraphat","family":"Chaithaisong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9527-9432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tassanee","family":"Narkdontri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1071-9772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suavaluk","family":"Songlilitchuwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1494-2993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saranya","family":"Innang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6943-4013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarocha","family":"Suthon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Micieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7103-8466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Watip","family":"Tangjittipokin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00375.2021","article-title":"Long-Term Complications of COVID-19","volume":"322","author":"Desai A. 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