{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:28:46Z","timestamp":1772987326334,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":295,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00223245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00223245"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 3\n                      <jats:sup>rd<\/jats:sup>\n                      leading cause of cancer\u2010related mortalities and has a poor prognosis, with a 5\u2010year survival of 8%\u20139%. The major challenge associated with management of PDAC is delayed diagnosis. Diagnosis at an early stage can significantly increase the survival. Therefore, we used multiomics analysis to validate a novel signature biomarker of early\u2010stage PDAC. The signature was derived from a computational analysis and subsequently validated in the Pakistani patient cohort, including patients with well\u2010defined early\u2010stage (I and II) PDAC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      With the aim of validating the signature biomarker (\n                      <jats:italic>MUC3A<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>MUC4<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>MUC13<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>MUC16<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) as a potent early diagnostic and prognostic marker, a comprehensive analysis of multiomics data of the Pakistani cohort was performed utilizing the integrated whole\u2010exome sequencing, transcriptome analysis, and RT\u2010qPCR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The in vitro validation of a signature biomarker in the Pakistani cohort reveals the pathogenic effect of mutations in the key\n                      <jats:italic>MUC<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes and its profound effect on its protein functionality. Among all key\n                      <jats:italic>MUC<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes analyzed in a transcriptomic dataset, only MUC4 exhibits statistically significant differential expression. Finally, RT\u2010qPCR results demonstrate significant overexpression of all key\n                      <jats:italic>MUC<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes in PDAC blood samples.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In conclusion, our findings suggest\n                      <jats:italic>MUC3A\/MUC4\/MUC13\/MUC16<\/jats:italic>\n                      as robust diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and liquid biopsy as a noninvasive approach to be integrated into daily clinical practice. This analysis can also be extended to other malignancies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/bmri\/9777346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T11:31:51Z","timestamp":1761219111000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrated Multiomics Validation of Key\n                    <i>MUC<\/i>\n                    Gene Expression for the Signature Biomarker in the Pakistani 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