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The rats were randomly divided into four groups: HG\u2009+\u2009HFD (T2DM model, fed with high\u2010sugar and high\u2010fat diet), control (regular diet), MET (positive metformin), and LYY (leaf ethanol extract of\n                      <jats:italic>D. longan Lour<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). Metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition were analyzed using liquid chromatography_mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Metabolomics analysis revealed 61 distinct metabolites in the LYY group, such as Leu\u2010Pro and taurolithocholic acid 3\u2010sulfate, which influence valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, bile secretion, and pyruvate and propanoate metabolism. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing showed that LYY significantly altered the abundance of gut microbiota such as\n                      <jats:italic>Ligilactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Desulfobacterota<\/jats:italic>\n                      (vs. HG\u2009+\u2009HFD group,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      LYY improved T2DM in rats may be associated with modulating metabolite levels and indirectly regulating glucose metabolism balance through changes in gut microbiota abundance. The efficacy of LYY in treating T2DM in rats may be related to the regulation of six metabolic pathways; it increased the abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Ligilactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Christensenellaceae _ R-7 _ group<\/jats:italic>\n                      and decreased the abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Desulfobacterota<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Colidextribacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Oscillibacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      , thereby promoting impaired glucose tolerance and indirectly regulating the balance of glucose metabolism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/bri\/3881971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T16:23:54Z","timestamp":1768580634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Leaf Ethanol Extract of\n                    <i>Dimocarpus longan Lour.<\/i>\n                    Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rats by Regulating Metabolic Pathways and Gut Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Chunlian","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piaoxue","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7541-4156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2512-8270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiawen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhidong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9586-0705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fca-2018-0045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13748\/j.cnki.issn1007-7693.2020.23.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11071613"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1705"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19827\/j.Issn1001-2230.2024.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.11.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","first-page":"2057","article-title":"Experimental Study on Hypoglycemic Effect of Different Extracts From Leaves of Dimocarpus Longan Lour","volume":"24","author":"Liang J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","volume-title":"Study on Hypoglycemic Active Ingredients and Fingerprints of Dimocarpus Longan Lour. 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