{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T20:03:34Z","timestamp":1773000214211,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":257,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background and Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n Given the involvement of neuropeptides in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), this study investigated the associations between plasma levels of \u03b2\u2010endorphin (\u03b2\u2010EP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) and OSAS severity and evaluated their potential as predictive biomarkers.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n A total of 48 snoring patients undergoing polysomnography (PSG) were categorized into non\u2010OSAS, mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200912 per group) based on the apnea\u2013hypopnea index (AHI). Plasma levels of \u03b2\u2010EP and NPY were measured using ELISA. Statistical analyses included one\u2010way ANOVA, Spearman\u2019s correlation, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to assess predictive performance.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n Plasma \u03b2\u2010EP levels exhibited significant elevation in moderate (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003) and severe OSAS groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.032) compared to the non\u2010OSAS group. Notably, NPY levels demonstrated marked differences across all OSAS severity groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01), with significantly higher concentrations observed in mild, moderate, and severe OSAS patients versus non\u2010OSAS controls (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01). A progressive increase in NPY levels was observed with advancing OSAS severity, accompanied by statistically significant intergroup differences (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01). Correlation analyses revealed strong positive associations between NPY levels and both BMI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001) and AHI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001). In contrast, \u03b2\u2010EP correlated positively with AHI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001) but not with BMI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0931). ROC curve analysis identified \u03b2\u2010EP (cutoff: 9.405\u2009ng\/L) as a moderate predictor of OSAS (AUC\u2009=\u20090.7986,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01; sensitivity: 72.22%, specificity: 83.33%). Strikingly, NPY (cutoff: 19.29\u2009ng\/L) exhibited perfect discriminative capacity (AUC\u2009=\u20091,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.0001; sensitivity: 97.22%, specificity: 100%).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n Plasma \u03b2\u2010EP and NPY levels are associated with OSAS severity and may serve as potential biomarkers. However, further validation in larger cohorts is needed to confirm their clinical utility.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/carj\/4316574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T12:08:47Z","timestamp":1757938127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Plasma \u03b2\u2010Endorphin and Neuropeptide Y as Candidate Biomarkers for Predicting Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2126-1042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng-Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5848-003X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4112-1922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian-Yun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9546-0343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian-Yong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202002_20382"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6506"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-579oc"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","first-page":"4161","article-title":"Serum YKL-40 Level Is Correlated With Apnea Hypopnea Index in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Mutlu L. 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