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Safety profile of the approved vaccines has been achieved mostly through clinical trials. However, some unsolicited adverse events in a longer duration of time have been recorded in addition to the late disorders known as long\u2010COVID, stemming from classical infection. Therefore, case studies and long\u2010term follow\u2010up are required to enrich the current data on SARS\u2010COV\u20102 infection\/vaccination. In this study, two cases of autoimmune diseases induced by COVID\u201019 and\/or vaccination were followed in three years. The profile of each is presented, and the probable cause has been discussed. The laboratory findings approved systematic lupus erythematosus and Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis in the studied cases. The key finding of this study is that the importance of probable autoimmune diseases flares up in individuals with a history of autoimmunity in their families which could manifest as a long\u2010COVID symptom or late vaccination side effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/carm\/8815875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T11:04:49Z","timestamp":1756379089000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Late\u2010Induced Autoimmune Disorders Post\u2010COVID\u201019 Vaccination\/Infection: Case Report From Iran"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3681-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Sadat Larijani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anahita","family":"Bavand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Ashrafian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladan","family":"Moradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3502-8524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amitis","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123592"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102314"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-023-00964-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5662\/wjm.v12.i4.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.36120"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e20555"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35147-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319241251941"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24982"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/7344506"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","volume-title":"Post-Licensure Safety Monitoring","author":"ACIP","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.47670"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-00844-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50656-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.28419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-00814-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecr.2021.100094"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2023.101759"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.16222"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-022-01786-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3803\/enm.2021.983"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-244909"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2024.102096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-1-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14896"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06227-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2022.09.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/acr-21-55"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-020-02582-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_2","volume-title":"The Long COVID Puzzle: Autoimmunity, Inflammation, and Other Possible Causes","author":"Wilson E. 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