{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:47:58Z","timestamp":1791982078879,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":286,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) affects hemodialysis in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Data imbalance limits predictive model accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify risk factors and develop a SMOTE\u2010based risk prediction model for AVF restenosis within 12 months after PTA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study enrolled 241 consecutive MHD patients with AVF stenosis undergoing PTA between July 2022 and July 2025. Each patient contributed one index PTA. Patients were divided into restenosis (45 cases) and nonrestenosis (196 cases) groups according to whether AVF restenosis occurred within 12 months after PTA. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified risk factors. The SMOTE algorithm addressed data imbalance. Model performance was evaluated by ROC curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Original\u2010data multivariate analysis identified multisegmental stenosis, cannulation method, platelet count, and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) as independent risk factors. After SMOTE, intradialytic hypotension and serum albumin also became significant; however, these variables should be interpreted as exploratory because SMOTE does not create additional independent clinical information. The SMOTE\u2010based model (P2) achieved AUC of 0.934 (training set) and 0.868 (validation set), outperforming the original model (P1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SMOTE\u2010based model may help predict AVF restenosis within 12 months after PTA, but it is an exploratory internally validated tool and requires external validation before clinical use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/cdr\/5807867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:50:27Z","timestamp":1791978627000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a Risk Prediction Model for Arteriovenous Fistula Restenosis Following Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients Using SMOTE Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Jianping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuangzhuang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chensi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1837-4561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianrong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Jiangsu Provincial People\u2032s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1671-4091.2014.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","first-page":"339","article-title":"Study on Influencing Factors of Restenosis After PTA in Patients with Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis and the Effect of External Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine on Microthrombi in Arteriovenous Fistula","volume":"51","author":"Han Z. M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heilongjiang Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Comparative Observation of Restenosis During Puncture Dialysis Starting at the 1st and 2nd Weeks After PTA in Hemodialysis Patients with Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis","volume":"61","author":"Yi B. L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shandong Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","first-page":"531","article-title":"A Clinical Study on an External Therapy to Improve Restenosis After Balloon Angioplasty for Dialysis Arteriovenous Fistula","volume":"21","author":"Yao G. M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Traditional and Western Nephrology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1000-1220.2020.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","first-page":"365","article-title":"Chinese Expert Consensus on Vascular Access for Hemodialysis (2nd Edition)","volume":"18","author":"Jin Q. Z.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Blood Purification"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112138-20210601-00384"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","first-page":"741","article-title":"Construction of a risk Warning Model for Restenosis After Cerebrovascular Intervention Based on SMOTE Algorithm","volume":"39","author":"Lei Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","first-page":"200","article-title":"Analysis of Related Risk Factors for Restenosis of Arteriovenous Fistula After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty","volume":"24","author":"Zhan S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nephrology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","first-page":"214","article-title":"Construction of a Nomogram Model for Individualized Prediction of the Risk of Postoperative Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients After Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery","volume":"23","author":"Gong C. C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Blood Purification"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1051-0443(07)60009-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","first-page":"533","article-title":"Efficacy of Peripheral Cutting Balloon in the Treatment of Long-Segment Stenosis of Arteriovenous Fistula and Factors Influencing Restenosis After Treatment","volume":"40","author":"Zhan S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nephrology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","first-page":"710","article-title":"Analysis of Influencing Factors for Intimal Hyperplasia in Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis Patients Undergoing Buttonhole Puncture","volume":"22","author":"Zhao X. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Blood Purification"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","first-page":"235","article-title":"Study on Prognostic Factors for Late Failure of Arteriovenous Fistula Based on Random Survival Forest","volume":"44","author":"Weng X. Y.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","first-page":"687","article-title":"The efficacy of Platelet-to-Fibrinogen and C-Reactive Protein Ratio in Predicting Sepsis Complicated With Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and its Interaction Analysis on Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation","volume":"41","author":"Wang Q. Q.","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","first-page":"58","article-title":"Correlation Between Preoperative Ultrasound Parameters, Serum Albumin, and Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation","volume":"22","author":"Zhang N.","year":"2025","journal-title":"China Medical Equipment"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/cdr\/5807867","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/cdr\/5807867","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/cdr\/5807867","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:01:54Z","timestamp":1791979314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/cdr\/5807867"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Satabdi","family":"Datta Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/cdr\/5807867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/cdr\/5807867","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5914","1755-5922"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5914","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5922","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5807867"}}