{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T21:57:51Z","timestamp":1773266271330,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":68,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A woman in her 50s contracted Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019), initially presenting with mild symptoms, and managed conservatively. However, she developed a persistent low\u2010grade fever and insidious joint pain for 1\u2009month, prompting further evaluation. Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, leading to hospitalization for COVID\u201019\u2010associated pneumonia. Despite a 2\u2010week course of ceftriaxone and azithromycin, her condition remained unchanged. Postadmission testing revealed elevated rheumatoid factor, anti\u2010cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies, and matrix metalloproteinase\u20103, suggesting an inflammatory or autoimmune process. Given concerns for immune\u2010mediated inflammation, she was treated with high\u2010dose methylprednisolone. With pneumonia improvement, she was discharged on oral prednisolone (PSL) (20\u2009mg\/day) with a planned taper. Her joint symptoms resolved, and anti\u2010CCP antibody levels normalized during steroid therapy. However, upon PSL tapering and discontinuation, her joint pain recurred, and anti\u2010CCP antibodies became positive again. A rheumatology consultation confirmed rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This case provides rare longitudinal documentation of dynamic anti\u2010CCP antibody changes that paralleled clinical disease activity, illustrating the progression from postviral reactive arthritis to classifiable RA. It underscores COVID\u201019\u2019s potential to trigger autoimmune dysregulation and highlights the need for long\u2010term follow\u2010up with serial autoantibody monitoring in patients with persistent musculoskeletal symptoms after infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/crdi\/9577787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T05:51:23Z","timestamp":1773208283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Viral Recovery to Autoimmunity: A Case Report of Rheumatoid Arthritis Emergence After COVID\u201019"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Tatsuki","family":"Tsuruga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Tomaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruko","family":"Saiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taro","family":"Yasuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corina N.","family":"D\u2019Alessandro-Gabazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5748-1499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"C. 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