{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:04:13Z","timestamp":1789718653322,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":260,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Hematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chylothorax is an uncommon form of pleural effusion defined by the pathological accumulation of chyle within the pleural space. Although thoracic duct injury constitutes the most frequent cause, nontraumatic causes, including malignancies and lymphoproliferative disorders, merit consideration. Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia (WM), a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) characterized by bone marrow involvement and an immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal gammopathy, rarely presents with pulmonary complications, and its association with chylothorax has been described in only a limited number of reports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe two patients who presented with right\u2010sided chylothorax as the initial manifestation of WM. Both patients underwent comprehensive diagnostic evaluation confirming LPL and received multimodal management comprising therapeutic pleural interventions and WM\u2010directed systemic therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chylothorax is a rare manifestation of WM and may represent the initial presentation of the disease. Early recognition, comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, and initiation of appropriate disease\u2010directed therapy are essential for symptom control and management. Further studies are needed to better characterize the mechanisms, optimal treatment strategies, and long\u2010term outcomes of WM\u2010associated chylothorax.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/crh\/7430484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T07:41:32Z","timestamp":1789717292000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chylothorax as an Initial Presentation of Waldenstr\u00f6m Macroglobulinemia: Report of Two Cases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6865-1589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yara","family":"Hamadah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2453-2023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan Ying","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7074-2905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula M. A. de","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3074-2027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ritika","family":"Vankina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4533-1888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kapil","family":"Meleveedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4292-3148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swarup","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-220750"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003-4975(10)65800-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47040260"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.7566"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afu061"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","first-page":"210","article-title":"Chylothorax as Rare Manifestation of Pleural Involvement in Waldenstr\u00f6m Macroglobulinemia: Mechanisms and Management","volume":"49","author":"Leoncini G.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1C265"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2022.101780"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/80.7.867"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crh\/7430484","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/crh\/7430484","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crh\/7430484","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T07:41:33Z","timestamp":1789717293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/crh\/7430484"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kalyani","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/crh\/7430484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/crh\/7430484","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6560","2090-6579"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6560","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6579","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7430484"}}