{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:49:13Z","timestamp":1772988553793,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":278,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatic hydrothorax is an uncommon presentation of decompensated liver cirrhosis and usually presents after other complications of portal hypertension such as ascites. We report the case of a 73\u2010year\u2010old female with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) treated with budesonide, presenting with a right\u2010sided hepatic chylothorax secondary to AIH and subsequent diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Pleural fluid analysis revealed a transudative chylothorax, whilst serology, liver elastography, hepatic venous pressure gradients and biopsy diagnosed advanced fibrosis with portal hypertension secondary to AIH\u2013PBC overlap syndrome. Commencement of diuretics led to the resolution of the recurrent pleural effusion. Chylothorax is typically an exudative effusion; however, in very rare cases of decompensated liver cirrhosis, it may present as an isolated transudative effusion in the absence of other signs of portal hypertensive complications such as ascites. This is the first reported case of decompensated cirrhosis secondary to AIH\u2013PBC overlap syndrome, presenting as an isolated unilateral transudative chylothorax.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/crhe\/5596329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T05:16:57Z","timestamp":1759814217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Rare, Atypical Presentation of Decompensated Cirrhosis: Isolated Transudative Hepatic Chylothorax Without Ascites"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1659-8599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Yulong","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rhian","family":"Aghajani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Timmins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Di Bartolomeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7195-3154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cameron","family":"Gofton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/WJH.V9.I31.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/CUREUS.38320"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MirzaT. M. AliR. GolubykhK. MalikM. KovalenkoI. andLippoldC. Transudative Chylous Pleural Effusion and Chylous Ascites: A Rare Manifestation of Liver Cirrhosis American Thoracic Society International Conference Meetings Abstracts American Thoracic Society International Conference Meetings Abstracts May 2024.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_MeetingAbstracts.A1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.RMCR.2022.101731"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/CUREUS.33866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/01.AJG.0000964856.79971.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23247096221150634"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.RMCR.2020.101151"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1440-1746.2007.05069.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S41030-022-00195-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/WJG.V9.I12.2681"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50266"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crhe\/5596329","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/crhe\/5596329","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crhe\/5596329","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T11:33:31Z","timestamp":1772969611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/crhe\/5596329"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ned","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/crhe\/5596329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/crhe\/5596329","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6587","2090-6595"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6587","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6595","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5596329"}}