{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:52:34Z","timestamp":1791445954363,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":280,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Anesthesiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accidental intrathecal injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) is a rare but catastrophic preventable adverse event associated with high mortality and severe neurological consequences. It represents a major neurological emergency that requires immediate specialized management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 32\u2010year\u2010old man erroneously received an intrathecal injection of 300\u2009mg of TXA instead of bupivacaine during a saphenous vein stripping procedure. He rapidly developed refractory myoclonic status epilepticus, sympathetic hyperactivity, and rhabdomyolysis. Management included multiple antiseizure medications, continuous EEG\u2010guided sedation, and targeted use of neuromuscular blockade. The patient recovered without immediate neurological deficit but developed persistent cognitive impairment and posttraumatic stress disorder at follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights the severe neurotoxicity of intrathecal TXA and the importance of early and aggressive intensive care management. It also underscores the need for long\u2010term multidisciplinary follow\u2010up for the assessment of anesthetic procedure\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/cria\/1049073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:04:14Z","timestamp":1791443054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Refractory Status Epilepticus Following Erroneous Intrathecal Injection of Tranexamic Acid: A Case Report and Long\u2010Term Follow\u2010Up and Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6321-3729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"Yousfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care H\u00f4pital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB) Erasme Hospital Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)  Brussels Belgium  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