{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:17:44Z","timestamp":1783667864853,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":190,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma characterized by plasmacytic differentiation and a distinct immunophenotypic profile. It is most frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and typically involves the oral cavity. However, PBL may also occur in immunocompetent individuals, representing a diagnostic and clinical challenge. This report describes a rare case of PBL affecting the mandible of an HIV\u2010negative patient who presented with a rapidly progressive ulcerated oral lesion. Histopathological examination revealed a diffuse proliferation of large atypical cells with plasmablastic morphology and a high mitotic rate. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated strong expression of plasma cell markers, including CD138 and MUM1, along with negativity for conventional B\u2010cell markers such as CD20 and CD79a. The Ki\u201067 proliferation index was approximately 90%, confirming the aggressive biological behavior of the neoplasm. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of PBL was established. Despite prompt referral for oncologic management and initiation of chemotherapy, the disease showed rapid progression with an unfavorable outcome. This case highlights the importance of including PBL in the differential diagnosis of aggressive oral lesions, even in HIV\u2010negative and immunocompetent patients, and emphasizes the critical role of histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation for accurate diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/crid\/4470887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:09:20Z","timestamp":1783667360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aggressive Mandibular Plasmablastic Lymphoma in an HIV\u2010Negative Patient: Clinicopathologic and Immunophenotypic Insights From a Rare Oral Case"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5511-0387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Maranh\u00e3o","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4363-5044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo Ara\u00fajo","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4663-9178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia Freire","family":"Gasparetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7732-368X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidecazio","family":"de Oliveira Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0200-5908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tessa","family":"de Lucena Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.4.1413"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-10-567479"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000234"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12753"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05613.x","article-title":"AIDS-Related Lymphomas: From Pathogenesis to Pathology","volume":"130","author":"Carbone A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw684"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000173023.02724.1f"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181f3e29f"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/BLCTT.S142814"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2011.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2011.1.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800355"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2014.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPJH6KEUSECQLU"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/MJHID.2014.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21250"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2011.1.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"Plasmablastic Lymphoma: Current Perspectives","volume":"8","author":"L\u03ccpez A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood and Lymphatic Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-015-0163-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-015-0163-z","article-title":"Stage, Age, and EBV Status Impact Outcomes of Plasmablastic Lymphoma Patients: a Clinicopathologic Analysis of 61 Patients","volume":"8","author":"Loghavi S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Hematology & Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2010.516040","article-title":"Clinical and Pathological Differences Between HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients with Plasmablastic Lymphoma","volume":"51","author":"Castillo J. 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