{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T21:09:48Z","timestamp":1773781788222,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":286,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cauda equina syndrome (CES) results from compression of the cauda equina (CE) nerve roots and presents with a spectrum of neurological deficits. We report four cases of CES with symptom durations ranging from 3 days to 1 month at presentation. The clinical features included urinary incontinence, reduced perianal sensation, lower limb weakness, and erectile dysfunction in select cases. Despite delays in surgical intervention for some patients, all demonstrated significant postoperative improvement in bladder function and lower limb strength. Bladder sensation began to recover within 5\u201320 days postoperatively, with complete bladder function restoration achieved between 10 and 120 days. While early surgical decompression remains the standard for optimal outcomes, these cases suggest that meaningful recovery is still possible following delayed intervention. Prompt diagnosis and timely surgery, even in late\u2010presenting cases, may improve functional outcomes. Our series reports early postoperative timelines for recovery and aligns observations with key domains from CES core outcome set in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/cris\/1906412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T11:56:46Z","timestamp":1760443006000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional Outcomes in Cauda Equina Syndrome Beyond 48 hours Window: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7407-4976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roshan","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2904-5611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aashis","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6997-1159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aashish","family":"Giri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7395-8194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinuj","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2092-2630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rupesh","family":"Raut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","volume-title":"Oxford Textbook of Trauma and Orthopaedics","author":"Fairbank J.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000527727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-021-05273-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsann.2006.88.4.425b"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","unstructured":"Sexual and Bladder Dysfunction in Cauda Equina Syndrome: Correlation With Clinical and Urodynamic Studies 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","volume-title":"Handbook of Spine Technology","author":"Jaffee S.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-4943-8"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/cris\/1906412","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/cris\/1906412","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/cris\/1906412","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T17:44:46Z","timestamp":1773769486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/cris\/1906412"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jochen","family":"T\u00fcettenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/cris\/1906412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/cris\/1906412","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6900","2090-6919"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6900","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6919","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1906412"}}