{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T18:59:16Z","timestamp":1779217156331,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":116,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Intravesical Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) therapy is a well\u2010established treatment for high\u2010grade nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. However, infectious complications such as granulomatous orchiepididymitis may rarely occur. We report a case of chronic necrotizing granulomatous orchiepididymitis with fistulization following intravesical BCG instillations. The patient presented with persistent epididymal swelling, caseous discharge, and inadequate response to conventional antibiotic therapy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing identified\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    complex. Despite clinical improvement under antituberculous therapy, surgical orchiectomy was required due to persistent anatomical destruction. Histopathological examination confirmed necrotizing granulomas with Langhans\u2010type giant cells, consistent with bacillary orchiepididymitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/criu\/2998895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T07:37:32Z","timestamp":1777275452000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tuberculous\/BCG\u2010Related Chronic Orchiepididymitis With Fistulization: Expanded Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6019-6573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8564-2050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o A.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7741-4357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Alzamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6829-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37316-0","article-title":"Incidence and Treatment of Complications of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Intravesical Therapy in Superficial Bladder Cancer","volume":"147","author":"Lamm D. 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European Association of Urology Guidelines on Non-Muscle."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpuro1148"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/criu\/2998895","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/criu\/2998895","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/criu\/2998895","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T07:37:36Z","timestamp":1777275456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/criu\/2998895"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kalyani","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/criu\/2998895"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/criu\/2998895","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-696X","2090-6978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-696X","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2998895"}}