{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T15:11:31Z","timestamp":1784214691610,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":145,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Neurological Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are not immune to developing comorbid conditions, including malignant disorders. A new neurologic worsening in a known MS patient, despite being on immunosuppressive or even antineoplastic therapy, could be a malignant condition, other than MS relapse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report a middle\u2010aged woman with a known history of MS and under treatment with rituximab from a few years ago, who subsequently developed clinical and imaging features that were not typical for MS relapse, which was pathologically confirmed to be a diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma (DLBCL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is important to consider the possibility of superimposed comorbid disorders, especially malignant conditions, in the setting of immunosuppressive therapy in MS patients. Considering red flags is an important task before the diagnosis of MS relapse as an explanation for new neurologic worsening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/crnm\/1186165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T04:15:52Z","timestamp":1779855352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Sanctuary Within: Development of CD20+ CNS Lymphoma Despite Peripheral B\u2010Cell Depletion by Rituximab in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1158-8677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Harirchian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7837-7866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Ehsan","family":"Mohammadianinejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0492-2825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asghar","family":"Bayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2926-7502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Soleimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2845-9040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Sarvestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0616-8675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Kaeedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5546-234X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanaz Heydari","family":"Havadaragh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01232"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24408"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/nxi.0000000000200399"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5137\/1019-5149.JTN.3860-10.0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458519877244"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22088\/cjim.8.3.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.15990"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","article-title":"Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System with Rapidly Progressing Lesions Following Dimethyl Fumarate Treatment, Showing Relapsing and Remitting Symptoms: a Case Report","volume":"13","author":"Kitazaki Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","first-page":"92","article-title":"Multiple Sclerosis Preceding CNS Lymphoma: a Case Report","volume":"16","author":"Yang J. 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