{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:16:48Z","timestamp":1772151408099,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Oncological Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a potentially life\u2010threatening complication of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, particularly in pediatric relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 7\u2010year\u2010old boy with early bone\u2010marrow relapse of hypodiploid ALL received anti\u2010CD19 CAR T cells and developed severe CRS with persistent fever, hypotension, hypoxemia, encephalopathy, and multiorgan dysfunction requiring pediatric intensive care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Management<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>He received tocilizumab, high\u2010dose dexamethasone, continuous intravenous (IV) anakinra, and emapalumab, plus advanced supportive care (mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and continuous renal replacement therapy). Sequential, multiagent immunomodulation was associated with transient hemodynamic stabilization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights practical bedside sequencing and escalation for refractory pediatric CRS and suggests a potential role for continuous IV anakinra and emapalumab when first\u2010line therapy is inadequate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/crom\/6680945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T15:07:22Z","timestamp":1770995242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Severe Cytokine Release Syndrome After CAR T Cell Therapy in a Pediatric Patient With Relapsed ALL"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noura","family":"Alajmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5279-5437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alnuhait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","unstructured":"Board PPTE Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment (PDQ) PDQ Cancer Information Summaries 2025 https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK65763\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12196124"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","unstructured":"Anticytokine Therapy and Corticosteroids for Cytokine Release Syndrome and for Neurotoxicity Following T-Cell Engager or CAR T-Cell Therapy: Rapid Review 2024 https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK604827\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023011828"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-018-0075-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4095-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1162742"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11135"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019002289"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Oncological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crom\/6680945","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/crom\/6680945","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crom\/6680945","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T15:07:23Z","timestamp":1770995243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/crom\/6680945"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Harleen","family":"Khatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/crom\/6680945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/crom\/6680945","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6706","2090-6714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6706","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"6680945"}}