{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T22:45:01Z","timestamp":1773787501331,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":359,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital tuberculosis (TB) is a rare but often fatal condition, particularly in preterm neonates within high\u2010burden regions like the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Diagnosis is complicated by nonspecific symptoms and resource limitations, with maternal critical illness further delaying detection and increasing vertical transmission risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This case report details a preterm male infant (30\u2009weeks\u2019 gestation) born vaginally to an HIV\u2010negative mother who experienced a 2\u2010month coma during pregnancy in the DRC. The neonate presented at 3\u2009weeks with cervical lymphadenopathy, respiratory distress, and failure to thrive. Initial sepsis treatment with antibiotics failed. Postpartum maternal sputum testing confirmed pulmonary TB. Neonatal lymph node biopsy revealed caseating granulomas, and GeneXpert MTB\/RIF confirmed\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. The infant received weight\u2010adjusted antitubercular therapy (rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide), leading to progressive clinical improvement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case underscores congenital TB as a critical differential diagnosis in preterm infants with lymphadenopathy born to critically ill mothers in TB\u2010endemic areas. Maternal coma\u2014a likely indicator of disseminated TB\u2014masked symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and amplified transmission risk. The report advocates for integrating routine TB screening into antenatal care protocols for all critically ill pregnant women in high\u2010burden settings, irrespective of overt respiratory symptoms. Early maternal diagnosis and prompt neonatal treatment are essential to reduce mortality in this vulnerable population. Enhanced screening in high\u2010risk pregnancies represents an urgent public health priority for mitigating vertical TB transmission in resource\u2010limited contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/crpe\/9912027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T14:38:18Z","timestamp":1766759898000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Congenital Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in a Preterm Neonate Born to a Comatose Mother in a High TB\u2010Burden Setting: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4105-2216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason Nzanzu","family":"Kikuhe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8008-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugn\u00e9nie Mbindule","family":"Kalere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0648-5107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Castram Mbusa","family":"Makata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2571-5307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josias Kasereka","family":"Songya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2023","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Revised Clinical Case Definitions for Classification of Intrathoracic Tuberculosis in Children: An Update","volume":"5","author":"Marais B. J.","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.ijidonline.com\/article\/S1201-9712(16)31196-1\/pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","first-page":"2451","article-title":"Congenital Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review of Cases in the Literature","volume":"56","author":"Peng W.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatric Pulmonology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","first-page":"1086","article-title":"Congenital Tuberculosis","volume":"19","author":"Cantwell M. F.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","first-page":"e626","article-title":"Safety and Adherence for 12 Weeks of Daily Rifapentine and Isoniazid in Children","volume":"120","author":"Cruz A. T.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14408"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tb\/php\/dear-colleague-letters\/2025-treatment-guidelines.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","volume-title":"WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis: Module 5: Management of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","first-page":"417","article-title":"Postmortem Diagnosis of Congenital Tuberculosis Using Xpert MTB\/RIF","volume":"19","author":"Bates M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Tuberculosis & Lung Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.usaid.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/DRC_Narrative_TBRM21_TB_DIAH_Version_FINAL.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6380408\/v1"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crpe\/9912027","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/crpe\/9912027","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crpe\/9912027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T19:06:08Z","timestamp":1773774368000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/crpe\/9912027"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kaylita","family":"Chantiluke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/crpe\/9912027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/crpe\/9912027","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6803","2090-6811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6803","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9912027"}}