{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T08:58:11Z","timestamp":1781513891548,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":165,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder commonly treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and, in more severe or resistant cases, clomipramine. Clomiphene citrate, a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator primarily used for infertility, is not indicated for psychiatric disorders but may influence neuroendocrine and serotonergic pathways. This case describes an unexpected improvement in OCD symptoms following the accidental prescription of clomiphene instead of clomipramine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 50\u2010year\u2010old woman with a longstanding history of anxiety and recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) developed OCD symptoms after childbirth during her second pregnancy. Her symptoms previously responded well to sertraline, clonazepam, and clomipramine. After ~15 years of relative stability, clomipramine was discontinued because of anticholinergic side effects, resulting in relapse of obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms. A 3\u2010month trial of sertraline 200\u2009mg\/day was ineffective. When clomipramine was intended to be restarted, a prescribing error led to clomiphene 25\u2009mg\/day being dispensed instead. The patient took clomiphene together with sertraline 100\u2009mg\/day and clonazepam 2\u2009mg\/night for 12 weeks. During this period, she experienced a dramatic and complete remission of her obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms, with an estimated reduction in Yale\u2010Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y\u2010BOCS) score from 23 to ~7. No adverse effects were identified. After the error was recognized, clomiphene was discontinued, the incident was reported, and clomipramine was reintroduced, although the same degree of improvement was not reproduced.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case raises a speculative but clinically important hypothesis regarding the possible role of hormonal modulation in a subgroup of hormonally sensitive patients with OCD. However, causality cannot be established because hormonal measurements were unavailable and alternative explanations, including placebo effects, spontaneous symptom fluctuation, and concomitant medication effects, remain possible. Future studies should longitudinally assess OCD symptom changes during hormonally sensitive periods, ideally in conjunction with standardized clinical measures and hormonal biomarkers. The case also underscores the ethical and patient\u2010safety importance of preventing medication errors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/crps\/4931083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T08:42:05Z","timestamp":1781512925000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unexpected Improvement of Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Disorder Symptoms Following the Mistaken Prescription of Clomiphene: A Novel Perspective on Hormonal Influences in OCD"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0987-4295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Hamzeh","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3208-0734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behnam","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Abedian Kenari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2022.10.006","article-title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Diagnosis, Clinical Features, Nosology, and Epidemiology","volume":"46","author":"Cervin M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.60496"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2014.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610400022983"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00431"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","article-title":"Female Reproductive Cycle and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","volume":"66","author":"Pino A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-021-01187-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02537176221100967"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2014.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867326666191209142209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaa150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2015.12.4.538"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38695-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010373"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","first-page":"208","article-title":"Clomiphene for the Treatment of Male Infertility: A Case Report of Mood Change and a Literature Overview","volume":"12","author":"Marine A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Drug Safety"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","article-title":"Exploring the Neurobiology of OCD: Clinical Implications","volume":"2020","author":"Grant J. 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