{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T10:43:34Z","timestamp":1771325014983,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lupus erythematosus panniculitis or lupus erythematosus profundus (LEP) is a rare manifestation of cutaneous lupus erythematosus, with an estimated prevalence of 2%\u20133% in those with either systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). LEP with involvement of the breasts is termed lupus mastitis (LM). Its presentation is heterogenous, with epidermal changes, erythema, violaceous skin changes, lipoatrophy, and ulceration with or without breast masses. LM may resemble breast malignancy; however, the clinical course, laboratory investigations, and imaging may often differentiate these. Should uncertainty still exist, LM may be confirmed on histopathology. LM is a chronic disease, and its natural course may include exacerbations and remissions. Antimalarial agents are the mainstay of treatment, whilst corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide have demonstrated utility. There is no standardized treatment protocol. We here present the case of a 50\u2010year\u2010old woman who was diagnosed with SLE and LM after several indeterminate breast biopsies with the intention of furthering awareness of this presentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/crrh\/5593452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T09:51:04Z","timestamp":1771321864000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Diagnostic Pitfall: Lupus Mastitis Presenting Before Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5640-0877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed Rashaad","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3215-3565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kavi","family":"Capildeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5593-0752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisha","family":"Davis-King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9218-6820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mickhaiel","family":"Barrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2010.01334.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","volume-title":"Pathologie Und Therapie Der Hautkrankheiten","author":"Kaposi M.","year":"1883"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1940.01490130101012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2006.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2008.00858.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2012.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181da00fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0b013e3181915ff7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e3181b4a5ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9040958"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573405620666230804092737"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ay\u015fenur Oktay HAE Lupus Mastitis in a Young Female Mimicking a Breast Carcinoma; a Rare Entity Through a Case Report and Review of the Literature https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/ejbh.galenos.2021.6361.","DOI":"10.4274\/ejbh.galenos.2021.6361"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.178.5.1781233"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2024.0041"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2014.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2014.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2013.14.3.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010448"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1295759"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-016-0499-0"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crrh\/5593452","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/crrh\/5593452","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/crrh\/5593452","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T09:51:07Z","timestamp":1771321867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/crrh\/5593452"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Constantine","family":"Saadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/crrh\/5593452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/crrh\/5593452","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6889","2090-6897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6889","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-6897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5593452"}}