{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:08:49Z","timestamp":1788448129552,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":353,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015314","name":"China University of Geosciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YJG2024210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YJG2024210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Depression and Anxiety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Little is known about the mechanism of the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms in Chinese master\u2019s and PhD students. The objective of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of family support and the mediating effect of psychological resilience on depressive symptoms in a family environment. The differences between master\u2019s and PhD students are also discussed in this study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Data for 615 master\u2019s and 78 PhD students were collected using the Family Environment Scale, Depression Self\u2010Rating Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Psychological Resilience Scale in October every year for 3 years from 2021 to 2023. A latent growth curve mediation model was used to examine the potential mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms over time.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> (1) There was a significant positive correlation among family environment, family support, and psychological resilience and a significant negative correlation between these factors and depressive symptoms. (2) Family support moderated the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms among both master\u2019s and PhD students. (3) Mediation analysis showed that psychological resilience mediated the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms among master\u2019s students.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Family environment is a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. This association appears to be moderated by family support and mediated by psychological resilience. It is necessary to design depressive symptom prevention programs that consider the family environment of master\u2019s and PhD students. Therefore, mental health services for this population should consider both family support and psychological resilience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/da\/3867823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T16:26:08Z","timestamp":1734625568000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of Family Environment on Depressive Symptoms in Postgraduate Students: Longitudinal Moderating Effect of Family Support and Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7423-3552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minxuan","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0828-061X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinbo","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4462-3208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8232-7354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14045\/j.cnki.rhen.2013.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16750\/j.adge.2021.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16352\/j.issn.1001-6325.2021.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93687-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796021000202"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13342\/j.cnki.cjhp.2021.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/capr.12437"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16750\/j.adge.2021.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16168\/j.cnki.issn.1002-9982.2019.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16298\/j.cnki.1004-3667.2023.04.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","first-page":"216","article-title":"A Study of Relationship Between Family Environment and Aggressiveness for Middle School Students\u2014Mediating Effect of Empathy","volume":"17","author":"Wang L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Studies of Psychology and Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4089"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16750\/j.adge.2024.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16235\/j.cnki.33-1005\/c.2011.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.789622"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1100355"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","first-page":"117","article-title":"Research on Mental Health Status of New Graduate Students and Suggestions on Training Work\u2014Based on a 3-Year Research Analysis of SCL-90","volume":"10","author":"Zang W. W.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Studies in Ideological Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1005-3220.2001.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","first-page":"70","article-title":"Impact of the Family Factors on College Students\u2019 Depression and Alienation","volume":"20","author":"Rao Y. T.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychological Development and Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-017-0630-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.576515"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","volume-title":"Making Human Beings Human: Bioecological Perspectives on Human Development","author":"Bronfenbrenner U.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430.2014.944908"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_2","first-page":"724","article-title":"The Influence of Family Environment Factors on the Mental Health of College Freshmen","volume":"26","author":"Zhao L.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of School Doctor"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22703"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00547"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-008-9107-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12182\/20230160106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-013-9784-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407507072564"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_2","first-page":"501","article-title":"The Influence of Family Environment and Teacher Support on Middle School Students\u2019 Academic Procrastination: The Chain Mediating Effect of Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs and Psychological Capital","volume":"20","author":"Zeng L. J.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Studies of Psychology and Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10664807211000719"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1005-3611.2006.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13342\/j.cnki.cjhp.2015.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16187\/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2018.04.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-007-9088-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1064898"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13342\/j.cnki.cjhp.2023.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.921045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_2","first-page":"581","article-title":"Significant Others and Self-Esteem: Methods for Determining Who and Why","volume":"24","author":"Juhasz A. M.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-010-0179-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1000-6729.2016.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10113"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23254"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13342\/j.cnki.cjhp.2021.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2015.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113261"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S377158"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1671-4695.2021.24.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00273170903467497"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_2","volume-title":"Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis","author":"MacKinnon D. P.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_2","first-page":"993","volume-title":"Handbook of Child Psychology: Theoretical Models of Human Development","author":"Bronfenbrenner U.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2008.01979.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_2","volume-title":"Family Environment Scale Manual","author":"Moos R. H.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_2","first-page":"198","article-title":"Preliminary Evaluation of Chinese Version of FACE II and FES: Comparison of Normal Families and Families of Schizophrenic Patients","volume":"5","author":"Fei L. P.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chinese Mental Health Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16128\/j.cnki.1005-3611.2015.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_2","first-page":"41","article-title":"Perceived Social Support Scale","volume":"10","author":"Jiang Q. J.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_2","first-page":"1169","article-title":"A Comparison Between the Chinese Version of Ego-Resiliency Scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale","volume":"30","author":"Yu X. N.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13723\/j.yxysh.2024.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_2","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach","author":"Hayes A. F.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_2","first-page":"186","article-title":"Structural Equation Model Testing: Cutoff Criteria for Goodness of Fitting Dices and Chi-Square Test","volume":"36","author":"Wen Z. L.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639602200405"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16719\/j.cnki.1671-6981.20200130"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11847\/zgggws1113311"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-008-0031-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153734"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_2","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Resilience and Development: Positive Life Adaptations","author":"Kumpfer K. L.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_2","volume-title":"Depression: Clinical, Experimental and Theoretical Aspects","author":"Beck A. T.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_2","unstructured":"LiD. Multiple Ecological Risk Factors and Adolescent Social Adjustment: Risk Modeling and Mechanism of Action 2012 South China Normal University) PhD Dissertation."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.84.2.365"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The Child in Our Times: Studies in the Development of Resiliency","author":"Demos E. V.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2015.03.009"}],"container-title":["Depression and Anxiety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/da\/3867823","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T16:26:34Z","timestamp":1734625594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/da\/3867823"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Bao-Liang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/da\/3867823"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/da\/3867823","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-4269","1520-6394"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-4269","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6394","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"3867823"}}