{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:33:47Z","timestamp":1787319227883,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":96,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22BTY064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22BTY064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Depression and Anxiety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mood disorders are a severe symptom in patients with methamphetamine (MA) use disorder (MUD) during withdrawal and are closely associated with the risk of relapse. While both standalone repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and physical exercise (PE) have shown positive effects on regulating mood disorders, the potential synergistic benefits of their combined use remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of high\u2010frequency rTMS (10\u2009Hz) combined with PE on mood disorders in patients with MUD and to identify the relevant factors associated with emotional regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a randomized clinical trial design, 54 male patients with MUD were randomly assigned to a PE group, an rTMS combined with PE (rTMS\u2009+\u2009PE) group, and a control group (CG). All groups received interventions three times per week for a total of 12 weeks (8 weeks of intervention\u2009+\u20094 weeks of follow\u2010up). The PE group received 10\u2010min of health education and 35\u2010min of exercise intervention, the rTMS\u2009+\u2009PE group received 10\u2010min of 10\u2009Hz rTMS administered over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and 35\u2010min of exercise intervention, and the CG only received 45\u2009min of health education. Measurements for depression, anxiety, MA craving, and blood neurotransmitters were taken from participants at baseline, the 8th week, and the follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) Compared with the CG, both intervention groups showed significant reductions in depression, anxiety, and MA craving after the 8\u2010week intervention, and these improvements were accompanied by marked increases in the blood levels of dopamine (DA), \u03b2\u2010EP, and 5\u2010HT. Furthermore, these effects persisted for up to 1 month after the intervention concluded. (2) Compared to the PE group, the rTMS\u2009+\u2009PE group demonstrated significantly lower craving and higher DA levels at the 8th week, with the latter exhibiting superior sustained intervention effects during the follow\u2010up period (such as negative emotions, craving, DA, and \u03b2\u2010EP). (3) The reduction of negative emotions is not only related to the intervention increasing the release level of neurotransmitters in the blood but also to the decrease in MA craving.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that adding high\u2010frequency rTMS to moderate\u2010intensity exercise can produce better therapeutic effects (such as emotion regulation and craving reduction) and increase the sustained impact on the rehabilitation of patients with MUD during the withdrawal period, thus providing a novel strategy for treatment of MUD.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2500105315\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/da\/6470779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T06:06:18Z","timestamp":1775628378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of High\u2010Frequency rTMS Combined With Physical Exercise on Mood Disorders in Patients With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9962-9906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2060-6769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9370-4303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2840-2604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingran","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2158-5804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.54.101601.145237"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13936\/j.cnki.cjdd1992.2008.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2007.9.4\/tgardner"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.20.3.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13936\/j.cnki.cjdd1992.2014.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230801923702"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2010.71.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16476\/j.pibb.2017.0105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16470\/j.csst.2019885"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16038\/j.1000-6710.2022.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2015.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","first-page":"1550","article-title":"Effects of Moderate Intensity Exercise on Negative Mood and Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Methamphetamine Addicts With Anxiety Symptoms","volume":"38","author":"Lu C. 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