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This study used fNIRS hyperscanning to explore cortical connectivity alterations during parent\u2013adolescent interactions in adolescent MDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010three MDD adolescents (DD) and 29 healthy controls (HCs) completed competitive\/cooperative maze tasks with parents under 52\u2010channel fNIRS. Wavelet coherence analyzed functional connectivity (FC) in prefrontal\/motor regions, which provides undirected connectivity estimates. Group \u00d7 task effects were tested via GLMM and FDR correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      (1) Competition: DD exhibited hyperconnectivity in emotion regulation circuits between right opercular inferior frontal gyrus and left triangular inferior frontal gyrus (rIFGoperc and lIFGtriang,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.047) but hypoconnectivity in executive networks between left dorsal superior frontal gyrus and left precentral gyrus (lSFGdor and lPreCG,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.040). (2) Cooperation: DD showed enhanced motor\u2013cognitive integration between right supplementary motor area and right middle frontal gyrus (rSMA and rMFG,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.036) but impaired socioemotional processing between right triangular inferior frontal gyrus and left dorsal superior frontal gyrus (rIFGtriang and lSFGdor,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.033). Task modulation: Within DD, cooperation preferentially engaged emotional resonance networks between right inferior orbital frontal gyrus and right medial superior frontal gyrus (rORBinf and rSFGmed,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.031) while competition was associated with enhanced coupling in self\u2010monitoring circuits between left dorsal superior frontal gyrus and right opercular inferior frontal gyrus (lSFGdor and rIFGoperc,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.047).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent MDD involves context\u2010dependent neural deficits in social cognition, suggesting targets for neuromodulatory interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/da\/8894844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T11:35:46Z","timestamp":1791804946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered Fronto\u2010Cingulate Connectivity During Social Competition and Cooperation in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder: An fNIRS Hyperscanning Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5543-2879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangliuqing","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic-Sleep Medicine Zigong Mental Health Center  Zigong Sichuan China"},{"name":"Clinical Medicine College Guizhou Medical University  Guiyang China  gmc.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9054-1868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Medicine College Guizhou Medical University  Guiyang China  gmc.edu.cn"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University  Guiyang China  gmcah.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosomatic-Sleep Medicine Zigong Mental Health Center  Zigong Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenrong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Medicine College Guizhou Medical University  Guiyang China  gmc.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","unstructured":"McCarronR. 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