{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:49:56Z","timestamp":1787017796546,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":163,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23VRC014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23VRC014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32071085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32071085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Depression and Anxiety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Individuals who have experienced bullying victimization often develop symptoms of complex post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), depression, and anxiety, with these symptoms mutually influencing one another. This study aims to explore the reciprocal relationships between CPTSD, depression, and anxiety among adolescents and emerging adults who have experienced childhood bullying victimization, from both variable\u2010level and symptom\u2010level perspectives.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 3945 adolescents and 2726 emerging adults with childhood bullying victimization experiences were measured 6\u2010month interval in the study. All the participants completed the questionnaires assessing for bullying victimization, CPTSD, depression, and anxiety. The data were analyzed using cross\u2010lagged panel analysis and cross\u2010lagged network analysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The cross\u2010lagged panel analysis reveals that CPTSD more strongly and consistently predicts depression and anxiety, whereas the reverse influence is weaker across both groups. At the symptom level, for adolescents, \u201cdeath\u201d (in depression) influences \u201cfeel worthless\u201d (in CPTSD) and \u201cfeel like a failure\u201d (in CPTSD). Additionally, \u201cdeath\u201d (in depression) is more likely to predict subsequent symptoms, while \u201cfeel like a failure\u201d (in CPTSD) is more frequently activated by other symptoms. In the emerging adults, some strong cross\u2010lagged effects were observed, such as \u201cmotor\u201d (in depression) to \u201ctraumatic dreams\u201d (in CPTSD) and \u201cworthless\u201d (in depression) to \u201cfeel like a failure\u201d (in CPTSD). In addition, \u201cexaggerated startle\u201d (in CPTSD) tends to predict symptoms, while \u201cfeel like a failure\u201d (in CPTSD) is more frequently activated.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Findings suggested that interventions alleviating \u201cdeath\u201d (in depression) among adolescents and \u201cexaggerated startle\u201d (in CPTSD) among emerging adults may improve overall mental health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/da\/9166230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T00:49:56Z","timestamp":1749862196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Longitudinal Cross\u2010Lagged Relationships of Complex Post\u2010Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety Among Adolescents and Emerging Adults With Childhood Bullying 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