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The aim of this study was to identify error detection abnormalities in OCD patients using evoked potential recordings and to determine whether links could be established between individual patients\u2019 error detection processes and their severity and resistance to treatment. To answer this question, the potentials evoked by participants\u2019 responses to a flanker task, i.e., the error\u2010related negativity (ERN\/CRN component) and subsequent positivity (Pe\/Pc component), were recorded. Twenty\u2010six OCD patients with a wide range of pathology severity and treatment resistance and 26 control participants matched for gender, age, and education level with the patients were included in the study. The amplitude of the error\u2010related negativity (ERN) evoked by false responses was positively correlated with the severity of patients\u2019 pathology, while the lower the amplitude of the negativity evoked by correct responses (CRN), the more resistant patients were to treatment. 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