{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:53:38Z","timestamp":1764996818452},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We determined the incidence of gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb of duodenal ulcer\npatients and the <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>) infection rate at sites with gastric metaplasia. Biopsy of the duodenal bulb showed the presence of gastric metaplasia in 61 of 86 patients\n(71%) overall and in 18 of 47 patients (38.3%) who had gastrectomy at an early gastric\ncancer. The histological diagnosis of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection showed good agreement (83.3%)\nwith the result of the rapid urease test, indicating that <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> occurs in regions with gastric\nmetaplasia. This finding suggests that <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infects gastric metaplasia in the duodenal\nbulb, causing mucosal injury, which is then transformed into duodenal ulcers. The exact\nmechanism by which gastric metaplasia is caused is unknown, but it is believed to occur in\nthe transitional zone in the duodenal mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/dte.6.17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,30]],"date-time":"2007-08-30T12:42:21Z","timestamp":1188477741000},"page":"17-23","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Incidence of Gastric Metaplasia and <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> Infection in Duodenal Bulb \u2013 With Specific Reference to Patients With Duodenal Ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Minoru","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,24]]},"container-title":["Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/1999\/687528.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dte\/1999\/687528.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/DTE.6.17","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T04:13:47Z","timestamp":1723090427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/DTE.6.17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/DTE.6.17"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/dte.6.17","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1070-3608","1029-0516"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1070-3608"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1029-0516"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-01-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-05-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-05-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}