{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T05:49:27Z","timestamp":1775540967644,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":95,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PADI\u20104 is a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase enzyme family. This enzyme is expressed by inflammatory cells and plays an important role in inflammation and immune responses. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum PADI\u20104 levels in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and to investigate the relationship between PADI\u20104 and disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010one patients with UC and 31 healthy controls were included in this observational study. First, serum PADI\u20104 levels in patients with UC and the control group were compared. Subsequently, serum PADI\u20104 levels were analyzed in UC patients with active disease and those who are in remission, separately. Finally, the impact of PADI\u20104 on predicting disease activity was evaluated by performing correlation analyses between serum PADI\u20104 and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) in addition to the total Mayo score (TMS) and modified Mayo Endoscopic Subscore (MESS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum mean PADI\u20104 levels were found to be significantly higher in the UC group (1317 \u00b1 818\u2009pg\/mL) compared to the control group (873 \u00b1 622\u2009pg\/mL) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.009). Serum mean PADI\u20104 levels were significantly different between the three groups (patients with remission, mild disease, and moderate\/severe disease group) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.015) (1076 \u00b1 609, 1073 \u00b1 683, and 1802 \u00b1 943\u2009pg\/mL, respectively). In Spearman\u2032s correlation analysis, it was determined that there was a positive and significant relationship between PADI\u20104 and CRP levels (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.31,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.027) in addition to TMS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.419,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.02) and MESS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.417,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.002). The ideal serum PADI\u20104 levels for predicting disease activity were found to be 980\u2009pg\/mL.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study revealed that serum PADI\u20104 levels were higher in patients with UC compared to healthy controls and might be an effective marker to determine disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/grp\/8211063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T04:54:11Z","timestamp":1775537651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Serum PADI\u20104 Levels and Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Semiha","family":"\u015eim\u015fek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1465-5406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvan","family":"I\u015f\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2698-3159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bet\u00fcl \u00c7i\u011fdem","family":"Yortanl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cem","family":"\u00c7eki\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i30.4807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.069476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198712243172603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.10357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","first-page":"616","article-title":"Protein Arginine Deiminase 4 (PAD4): Current Understanding and Future Therapeutic Potential","volume":"12","author":"Jones J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current 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