{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:52:58Z","timestamp":1776757978926,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":110,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Analytical Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Honey is a nutritive sugar alternative, well\u2010accepted over decades due to its natural source, and a global populace drive toward natural and healthier lifestyle options. Its quality assessment includes 5\u2010hydroxymethylfurfural (5\u2010HMF) content, which measures freshness, but has been linked to cancer. The ability to test for this neo\u2010formed contaminant, 5\u2010HMF, should therefore not be compromised, even in a resource\u2010constrained setting. In this study, a modified reversed\u2010phase HPLC method for the assay of 5\u2010HMF levels in honey has been developed. A nonpolar C\u201018 column of dimension 3.0\u2009\u00d7\u2009150\u2009mm; 2.7\u2009\u03bcm was the stationary phase of choice, while a combination of 10:90% v\/v of methanol and distilled water, with 1% formic acid, was employed as the mobile phase. Detection was by diode array at a wavelength of 295\u2009nm, using an injection volume of 1\u2009\u03bcL. At a flow rate of 0.5\u2009mL\/min, the total runtime of the method was 8\u2009min, with the average retention time for 5\u2010HMF recorded at 3.87\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05\u2009min. Validation of the method was conducted using International Council for Harmonisation guidelines, over the range of 1.25\u201330.0\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. It was further employed to quantify 5\u2010HMF in 20 honey samples on the Ghanaian market with varying origin, extraction source and production state, using methanol as the dissolution solvent to ensure stability of the target compound throughout the analysis. 5\u2010HMF levels assayed in the honey samples ranged from 0.8176\u2009\u00b1\u20090.182 to 81.1619\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1169\u2009mg\/kg of honey. At the time of analysis, 5\u2010HMF contents of all samples except one were within the acceptable limit of\u2009\u2264\u200980\u2009mg\/kg of honey, set by the International Honey Commission. The 5\u2010HMF levels quantified in market samples approved by Ghana\u2019s Food and Drugs Authority were within the acceptable limit. The developed method is comparatively cheaper and can be successfully used to analyse 5\u2010HMF in honey samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ianc\/9780039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:22:12Z","timestamp":1776756132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determination of 5\u2010Hydroxymethylfurfural Content in Marketed Honey: A Modified RP\u2010HPLC Method"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6341-1257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Adu-Brimpong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0737-100X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abena Amponsaa","family":"Brobbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1544-5112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph Kwasi","family":"Adu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4372-3992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Nii","family":"Addotey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2869-8266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustapha Kobina","family":"Abeka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5251-0075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac Yaw","family":"Attah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","unstructured":"Codex Alimentarius Commission Codex Standard for Honey 2001 https:\/\/www.fao.org\/fao-who-codexalimentarius\/codex-texts\/list-standards\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2008.10719745"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10070822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2003.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29252\/arakmu.10.5.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.LWT.2004.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19080\/IJESNR.2021.26.556199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2005.B1015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12991\/jrp.2018.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","article-title":"Honey Composition","author":"Bogdanov S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bee Product Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JFP-200060257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1467053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2AY01784A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/63.6.1215"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201200768"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","first-page":"939","article-title":"A Comparison of Spectrophotometric Winkler Method and HPLC Technique for Determination of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Natural Honey","volume":"54","author":"Martysiak-\u017burowska D.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemia Analityczna"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.10578"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","unstructured":"K\u00e4nzigA. 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Stability of Hydroxymethylfurfural During Determination by HPLC 2001 https:\/\/www.ihc-platform.net\/kaenzig2001.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","article-title":"COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2001\/110\/EC of 20 December 2001 Relating to Honey","author":"Council of the European Union","year":"2001","journal-title":"Official Journal of the European Communities"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","unstructured":"International Conference On Harmonisation Of Technical Requirements For Registration Of Pharmaceuticals For Human Use Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text And Methodology Q2 (R1) 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","article-title":"Comparison of Metabolomics Peak Detection Parameter Optimization Algorithms Based on Chromatographic Peak Shape","volume":"52","author":"Yanghao S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Analytical Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-018-0408-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.16535"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2009.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0005772X.1994.11099213"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ianc\/9780039","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/ianc\/9780039","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ianc\/9780039","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:22:21Z","timestamp":1776756141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/ianc\/9780039"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/ianc\/9780039"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/ianc\/9780039","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8760","1687-8779"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8760","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-8779","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9780039"}}