{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:47:02Z","timestamp":1789627622494,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,25]],"date-time":"2006-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1148515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":144,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Danish Health Insurance Foundation"},{"name":"University of Odense"},{"name":"Foundation of Reproductive Biology"},{"name":"Odense University Hospital"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007037","name":"Danish Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007037","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical Scientifical Foundation for Copenhagen"},{"name":"Merchant Sven Hansen and Mrs. Ina Hansens Foundation"},{"name":"Faroe Islands & Greenland"},{"name":"Director Jacob Madsen & Mrs Olga Madsens Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Objectives: the aim was to examine factors associated with acquisition and elimination of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. Methods: a group of 229 pregnant women were randomly selected from a population\u2010based prospective cohort study of 2927. They were examined at enrollment (mean gestational weeks 16\n                    <jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\n                    + 0\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and again in mid\u2010third trimester (mean gestational age 32\n                    <jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\n                    + 3\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Measures: BV (Amsel\u2032s clinical criteria), microbiological cultures of the genital tract and questionnaire data. Results: BV prevalence decreased from 17% in early second trimester to 14% in mid\u2010third trimester due to a tenfold higher elimination rate (39%) than incidence rate (4%). Heavy smokers (&gt;10\/\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in early pregnancy were at increased risk (5.3\u2002[1.1 \u2212 25]) for the acquisition of BV during pregnancy, as were women receiving public benefits (4.8\u2002[1.0 \u2212 22]), having a vaginal pH above 4.5\u2002(6.3\u2002[1.4 \u2212 29]) or vaginal anaerobe bacteria (18\u2002[2.7 \u2212 122]) at enrollment. A previous use of combined oral contraceptives was preventive for the acquisition of BV (0.2\u2002[0.03 \u2212 0.96]). Elimination of BV in pregnancy tended to be associated with a heavy growth of Lactobacillus\u2002\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t(3.2\u2002[0.8 \u2212 13]) at enrollment. Conclusions: acquisition of BV during pregnancy is rare and is associated with smoking, while the presence of anaerobe bacteria and a vaginal pH &gt;\u20024.5 are interpreted as steps on a gradual change towards BV. In the same way heavy growth of Lactobacillus spp in early pregnancy may be an indicator of women on the way to eliminate BV.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/idog\/2006\/94646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,21]],"date-time":"2006-06-21T06:09:35Z","timestamp":1150870175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Acquisition and Elimination of Bacterial Vaginosis During Pregnancy: A Danish Population\u2010Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2006","author":[{"given":"Ida","family":"Vogel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poul","family":"Thorsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Jeune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Jacobsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Ebbesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Arpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Bremmelgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birger R.","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91360-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512283332604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","article-title":"Disruption of IL-18, but not IL-1, increases vulnerability to preterm\n    delivery and fetal mortality following intrauterine inflammation","author":"Wang X.","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gynecol Invest Abstract for Society of Gynecological Investigations, no.~548; Los Angeles"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70442-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13580.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349309023420"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90157-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91368-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019440"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00011237","article-title":"Relationship of Ureaplasma urealyticum biovars to the presence or absence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women and to the time of delivery","volume":"20","author":"Povlsen K","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91112-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome","volume":"80","author":"Kurki T","year":"1992","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(01)01321-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/mehy.1999.0875"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2002.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6924.295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462001916461"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.004978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(93)90163-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138626","article-title":"Modulatory effect of maternal serum on xenobiotic metabolizing activity of placental explants: modification by cigarette smoking","volume":"9","author":"Barnea E R","year":"1994","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/16.Supplement_4.S273"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/140349488801600108","article-title":"Comparison between data obtained through questionnaires and interviews: life-style habits of pregnant women","volume":"16","author":"Olsen J","year":"1988","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2006\/094646.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/IDOG\/2006\/94646","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T16:07:09Z","timestamp":1717690029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/IDOG\/2006\/94646"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/IDOG\/2006\/94646"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/idog\/2006\/94646","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-7449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-7449","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-05-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"094646"}}