{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:43:35Z","timestamp":1772995415502,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005852","name":"Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["28873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["28873"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005852","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biomaterials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different manipulation methods and storage environments on the microstructural, chemical, and mechanical properties of calcium\u2010enriched mixture (CEM) cement. Four sample groups were examined, including nondried (ND\u2010I) and dried (D\u2010I) groups placed directly in an incubator, dried samples stored in phosphate\u2010buffered saline (PBS) (D\u2010P), and dried samples stored in distilled water (D\u2010W). Various analyses, including Vickers microhardness, compressive strength, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy\u2010dispersive X\u2010ray spectroscopy (EDS) were conducted after incubating the samples for 7\u2009days. The data were analyzed by Shapiro\u2013Wilk, Levene, independent\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    , one\u2010way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD tests. Key findings include the ND\u2010I group exhibited a significantly longer setting time but the lowest microhardness and compressive strength. D\u2010P showed the highest microhardness, while D\u2010W displayed the highest compressive strength. FTIR analysis revealed vibration modes related to (PO4)\n                    <jats:sup>3\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions and Si compounds in all groups, with dried groups showing more vibrations of (PO4)\n                    <jats:sup>3\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions and OH groups, and D\u2010P and D\u2010W groups displayed vibration modes of (CO3)\n                    <jats:sup>2\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions. XRD analysis indicated increased tri\/dicalcium silicate reflections in CEM groups exposed to PBS or distilled water. D\u2010I and D\u2010W groups presented hexagonal or rectangular cubic and needle\u2010like crystals, while D\u2010P showed a homogeneous globular structure covered with fine crystals. The order of the weight percentage of major elemental constituents of D\u2010P group was oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, zirconium, barium, carbon, silicon, and sulfur. Incremental placement, drying each increment, and exposing CEM to PBS\/tissue fluids result in a faster set and more tolerant cement with a more uniform microstructure. The formation of hydroxyapatite can occur on the surface of the set cement.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijbm\/5560351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T06:27:36Z","timestamp":1737354456000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Manipulation Methods and Storage Environments on the Microstructural, Chemical, and Mechanical Properties of Calcium\u2010Enriched Mixture 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