{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:09:49Z","timestamp":1773004189786,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":359,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014717","name":"National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81974562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014717","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to analyze the potential mechanism of the Jianpixiaoke recipe (JPXK recipe) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study searched and screened the active ingredients and corresponding T2DM\u2010related targets of different herbs in JPXK recipe from multiple databases. Venn was used to screen the intersection targets of JPXK recipe targets and T2DM targets, and the intersection targets were imported into the STRING database to construct a PPI network. In addition, clustering and topology analysis were also used to analyze PPI networks. At the same time, a composite target network was constructed using Cytoscape software. Then, we further carried out GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on the targets and carried out molecular docking verification on key chemical ingredients and hub targets. Finally, the effect of this prescription on T2DM was verified through animal experiments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study screened a total of 366 targets for the JPXK recipe, 1886 T2DM\u2010related targets, and 214 intersecting targets. The active ingredients of the JPXK recipe were quercetin, isorhamnetin, luteolin, berberine, kaempferol, etc. Potential hub targets were\n                      <jats:italic>ESR1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>JUN<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>SRC<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>PIK3R1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>FOS<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>MAPK1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>AKT1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>RELA<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>MAPK3.<\/jats:italic>\n                      The main pathways of the JPXK recipe in treating T2DM included the MAPK signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, Toll\u2010like receptor signaling pathway, etc. Molecular docking results showed that quercetin and luteolin combined best with the hub gene.\n                      <jats:italic>JUN<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>FOS<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>AKT1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>RELA<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>MAPK3<\/jats:italic>\n                      interacted well with these critical ingredients. Animal experiments verified that the JPXK recipe had a good hypoglycemic effect.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study revealed the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanism of the JPXK recipe in the treatment of T2DM, which provides valuable experience in future clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ije\/4160656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T11:57:30Z","timestamp":1766750250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanism of Jianpixiaoke Recipe in Treating Type 2 Diabetes Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8991-9624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7532-6457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenrong","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengcheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guowei","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7249-9427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanqin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-7560(200105\/06)17:3<181::aid-dmrr197>3.0.co;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.728032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.656978"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","first-page":"1104","article-title":"\u2018Based on the Theory Of Spleen Deficiency Causing Diabetes\u2019, the Research Assumption on the Mechanism of Invigorating the Spleen and Clearing Heat to Prevent and Treat Diabetes Through AMPK\/mTORC1\/SAD-A Pathway","volume":"34","author":"Jie H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Research on the Effect of Jianpixiaoke Recipe Based on the Intestinal Pancreatic Axis On the Function of Pancreatic Islet \u03b2 Cells in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Luo D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Chinese Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","first-page":"3051","article-title":"Based on cTAGE5\/TANGO1 Intracellular Transport, Jianpixiaoke Recipe Improves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Protect Pancreatic Islets \u03b2 Cellular Mechanisms","volume":"43","author":"Yanqin H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Gerontology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1646905"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku293"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp937"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4637839"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","first-page":"1150","article-title":"Establishment of Rat Model of Early Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy","volume":"51","author":"He J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Peking University"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","first-page":"2474","article-title":"Research Progress in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity Based on the Regulation of Gut Microbiota in Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"21","author":"Xie S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Science and Technology Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-015-9309-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","first-page":"128","article-title":"Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Phlegm (Dampness) and Heat Syndrome of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes with Modified Huanglian Wendan Decoction","volume":"27","author":"Ou L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Experimental Prescriptions"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01790-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","article-title":"Clinical Observation of Jianpixiaoke Recipe in the Treatment of T2DM and Experimental Study on Regulating Islet \u03b2 Cell Function Through AMPK\/mTOR Pathway","author":"Wenrong A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Master\u2019s degree"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Rules of Jianpixiaoke Recipe for Type 2 Diabetes Based on Data Mining","volume":"38","author":"Wen R. A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","first-page":"249","article-title":"Effect of Jianpixiaoke Recipe on the Secretory Function of Pancreatic Islet Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Rats","volume":"56","author":"Yanqin H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","first-page":"4556","article-title":"The Mechanism of Jianpixiaoke Recipe Regulating Autophagy to Improve Pancreatic Islet Function in Type 2 Diabetes Rats","volume":"36","author":"Zhou J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7370350"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.10.118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00293-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7978258"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1354"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2020.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2267736"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-008-9997-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","first-page":"60","article-title":"Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Shenqi Pill Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes Based on Network Pharmacology and Verifying Its Key Action Pathway","volume":"44","author":"Yang J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1401_15"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-16-0324"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-020-00535-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19113634"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_2","first-page":"4560","article-title":"Research Progress on the Hypoglycemic and Lipid-Lowering Activity of Quercetin and Its Glycoside Derivatives","volume":"40","author":"Yan S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgu321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160192"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6678662"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210524.602"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110301"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_2","first-page":"3054","article-title":"Research Progress on the Anti-Tumor Mechanism of Isorhamnetin","volume":"32","author":"Zhao F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"China Pharmacy"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_2","first-page":"461","article-title":"Study on the Protective Effect of Isorhamnetin on Islet \u03b2 Cell Injury Induced by High Glucose and High-Fat","volume":"28","author":"Lai Q. H.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_2","first-page":"108","article-title":"Research Progress on Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Luteolin","volume":"38","author":"Qian Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_2","first-page":"59","article-title":"Research Progress on Pharmacological Effects and Preparations of Luteolin","volume":"36","author":"Wang Q.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Beijing Union University"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011060627"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_2","first-page":"120","article-title":"The Effect of Ber-berine on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Patients with Early Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Chen Z.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Contemporary Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.07.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00424"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X19500496"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of Kaempferol on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Rats","volume":"16","author":"Liu G.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Practical Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Research on the Mechanism of Kaempferol in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes with Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction Based on Network Pharmacology","volume":"59","author":"Wang S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Modern Chinese Doctors"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_2","first-page":"116","article-title":"Toll like Receptors and Diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Wu J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-15-0316"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10010051"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26174"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2001878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_2","first-page":"405","article-title":"Change of Serum Thyroid Hormones Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and its Clinical Significance","volume":"22","author":"Hu D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunoassay and clinical"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.07.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.712703"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_2","first-page":"1500","article-title":"Study on the Effect of HCMV Infection on Glucose Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Wang L. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Infectiology of China Hospital"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010256"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3377"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi20-0032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9061380"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Research Progress on the Relation-Ship Between Type 2 Diabetes and Hypoglycemic Drugs and Cancer","volume":"59","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Shandong Medi-cine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.800995"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1380"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_2","first-page":"48","article-title":"Analysis of the Relationship Between Diabetes and Hepatitis B Virus Infection","volume":"32","author":"Wu R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Math-Ematical Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_2","first-page":"56","article-title":"Investigation on the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Analysis of Related Factors","author":"Zhang H.","year":"2014","journal-title":"China\u2019s health industry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0115680266361598250212030220"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-025-01697-3"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ije\/4160656","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/ije\/4160656","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ije\/4160656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:29:54Z","timestamp":1772994594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/ije\/4160656"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Suraiya","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/ije\/4160656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/ije\/4160656","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8337","1687-8345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8337","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-8345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"4160656"}}