{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T01:37:49Z","timestamp":1780105069654,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":324,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess the therapeutic effects of gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) on children with familial central precocious puberty (FCPP) due to Makorin ring finger Protein 3 (\n                      <jats:italic>MKRN3<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene mutations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with central precocious puberty (CPP) who were admitted to the Pediatric Endocrinology Department of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital from 2014 to 2021 were enrolled, of whom 4 FCPP children with MKRN3 gene mutations, including 3 girls and 1 boy, were selected as research subjects. Their height, weight, body mass index (BMI), predicted adult height (PAH), bone age, bone age advance (BAA, bone age minus chronological age), height\u2010based standard deviation scores (Ht\u2010SDS) corresponding to the chronological age, concentrations of sex hormones (luteinizing hormone [LH] and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone [FSH]), and development of sexual organs were compared before and after at least 2\u2009years of GnRHa treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After at least 2\u2010year GnRHa treatment, mean volume of uterus of three girls decreased from 5.72\u2009\u00b1\u20092.58 to 2.12\u2009\u00b1\u20091.62\u2009mL (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and mean volume of ovaries decreased from 3.61\u2009\u00b1\u20091.67 to 0.62\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22\u2009mL (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) as well, indicating that the gonadal development was effectively inhibited. Basal concentrations of LH and FSH in serum decreased, indicating that the secretion of gonadotropin in the anterior pituitary is inhibited. BAA and Ht\u2010SDS decreased, suggesting that the bone age was restrained, and the growth rate was slowed down to some extent. Both average BMI and obesity prevalence (\n                      <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20097.188,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029) decreased during the treatment. No obvious adverse reaction was found.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Long\u2010term GnRHa treatment could effectively inhibit the gonadal development and FSH secretion in FCPP children with\n                      <jats:italic>MKRN3<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene mutations, while this inhibitory effect on the bone age and growth rate was not obvious. Adverse reactions such as increased prevalence of obesity were not found. A large\u2010scale, long\u2010term follow\u2010up study is required to indicate whether patients\u2019 final height (FH) could reach PAH or target height (TH).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ije\/5609749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T11:33:46Z","timestamp":1763724826000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Outcomes of Patients With Familial Central Precocious Puberty due to Mutations of\n                    <i>MKRN3<\/i>\n                    Gene After Treatment With Gonadotropin\u2010Releasing Hormone Agonist"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7679-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiya","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8007-6878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuanyin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronggui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6442-8851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4927-8199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5027-8372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenli","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00828"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-09168-6_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030361"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa955"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302160"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-14-0315"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03370190097031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1783"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v9.i32.10018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.663746"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-01270-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14341\/probl12745"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac168"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524022666220624105430"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2022-0645"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.63460"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02300-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmy124"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000504446"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-04022-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2015.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-0808-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000491103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.80.2.7852518"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.81.4.329"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1085385"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1216"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.911"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-0146"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500533"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ije\/5609749","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/ije\/5609749","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ije\/5609749","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:31:27Z","timestamp":1772994687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/ije\/5609749"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Suraiya","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/ije\/5609749"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/ije\/5609749","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8337","1687-8345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8337","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-8345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5609749"}}