{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:57:24Z","timestamp":1790665044336,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":270,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017019","name":"Chiang Rai Rajabhat University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FF68-1-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FF68-1-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Vanillin, the principal flavor compound in vanilla, is a high\u2010value natural product whose conventional extraction is often limited by low efficiency and high energy consumption. Although microwave\u2010assisted extraction (MAE) has improved extraction efficiency, most systems rely on continuous operation with limited real\u2010time process monitoring. To address this limitation, an IoT\u2010integrated cyclic microwave\u2010assisted extraction (CMAE) system was developed for vanillin recovery from\n                    <jats:italic>Vanilla planifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The system incorporated an infrared temperature sensor, a solid\u2010state relay, an ESP32 microcontroller, and a Node\u2010RED interface to enable real\u2010time temperature monitoring and programmable cyclic microwave operation. Response surface methodology identified optimal conditions of 436\u2009W microwave power, 16.93\u2009min extraction time, 3.45\u2009g sample mass on a dry\u2010weight basis, and 75% ethanol, with a predicted vanillin content of 3.13% DW, equivalent to a yield of 31.29\u2009mg\/g DW. Monte Carlo simulation yielded a 95% uncertainty interval of 29.41\u201333.16\u2009mg\/g DW (2.94%\u20133.32% DW), whereas sensitivity analysis identified microwave power and ethanol concentration as the most influential variables. Experimental validation under approximately energy\u2010equivalent conditions of 380\u2009W for 19.44\u2009min and 500\u2009W for 14.78\u2009min yielded 30.43 and 30.98\u2009mg\/g DW, respectively, with deviations from the predicted value below 3%. Assuming equivalent vanillin recovery, cyclic operation reduced the calculated nominal microwave energy input and specific energy consumption (SEC) by 16.7% relative to a calculated continuous\u2010operation baseline. The developed CMAE system provides a data\u2010driven extraction platform integrating IoT\u2010based monitoring, programmable cyclic operation, process optimization, and uncertainty analysis, with potential application in energy\u2010conscious phytochemical extraction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:11:07Z","timestamp":1790662267000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Process Optimization and Uncertainty Analysis of IoT\u2010Integrated Cyclic Microwave\u2010Assisted Extraction (CMAE) for Vanillin Recovery"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8907-8706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narongrit","family":"Tipcompor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-5454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanapon","family":"Saengsuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6657-3261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narathip","family":"Sujinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1437-5172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujitra","family":"Funsueb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3725-3182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Watcharaporn","family":"Thaharn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2021.01.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmcr.2022.100055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2023.113905"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biochem4040017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2023.117372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.142249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30204109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1279552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2009.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ffj.3425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.10.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200500414"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2005.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scca.2025.100122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/fns.2013.48A030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53365\/nrfhh\/169229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12030469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/221333560201150212103234"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29102303"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture15192100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12393-025-09426-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2023.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compind.2025.104317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14142429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13233771"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2019.107776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5fb00924c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24031012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5fb00329f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2024.109833"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2024.120124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13399-024-05942-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr12051031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsfoodscitech.5c01021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2025.146195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2024.112854"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clet.2023.100624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d3gc03952h"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2024.2333044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44187-025-00532-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5fb00546a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.107594"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en17102295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3775"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30040825"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.171319"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Food Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:11:08Z","timestamp":1790662268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Munmun","family":"Bardhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/ijfo\/4384246","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2356-7015","2314-5765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2356-7015","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-5765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"4384246"}}