{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T09:04:06Z","timestamp":1784538246958,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":200,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Obesity is a global health concern closely associated with metabolic disorders, including fatty liver disease. Conventional treatment approaches rely on lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions, but functional foods, particularly fermented milk, have gained attention as promising alternatives. Fermented milk containing probiotics has emerged as a potential functional food for managing obesity and its complications, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This review summarises current evidence on the role of probiotic\u2010fermented milk in modulating lipid metabolism and related molecular pathways, with a focus on Sterol Regulatory Element\u2010Binding Protein\u20101c (SREBP\u20101c). Probiotic fermentation can improve the composition of the gut microbiota, increase short\u2010chain fatty acid production and regulate bile acid metabolism, thereby decreasing hepatic lipogenesis. Probiotic strains, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus fermentum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , have been reported in preclinical studies to downregulate SREBP\u20101c expression through multiple mechanisms, including activation of AMP\u2010activated protein kinase (AMPK), short\u2010chain fatty acid\u2013mediated GPR43 signalling and modulation of bile acid pathways (FXR\/FGF15). In addition, probiotic\u2010fermented milk modulates systemic immunity through the gut\u2013spleen\u2013liver axis, thereby reducing chronic, low\u2010grade inflammation associated with NAFLD. Recent in vivo and limited clinical studies have shown that probiotic\u2010fermented milk reduces SREBP\u20101c expression, decreases hepatic triglyceride accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity. Collectively, these findings suggest that probiotic\u2010fermented milk may be an effective dietary strategy for obesity\u2010related liver disorders. Further clinical studies are needed to validate the therapeutic potential and optimise formulations for targeted interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijfo\/5584818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T08:18:04Z","timestamp":1784535484000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fermented Milk as an Alternative Therapy for 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