{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:14:33Z","timestamp":1791904473930,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":118,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/S000216\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/S000216\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BT\/IN\/Indo-UK\/AMR\/05\/NH\/2018-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/IN\/Indo-UK\/AMR\/05\/NH\/2018-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in poultry\u2010origin\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. pose a threat to food safety. This study characterized the genotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. isolates across the broiler chicken production chain in Karnataka, India, and the co\u2010occurrence between AMR phenotypes and genotypes. Samples were collected from hatcheries (HAT), commercial broiler farms (CBFs), and retail meat shops (RMSs). A total of 106\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. isolates were obtained and screened for 35 ARGs belonging to seven antimicrobial classes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In total, 20\/35 ARGs (57%) were detected in\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. isolates from the entire production chain. The\n                    <jats:italic>tetA<\/jats:italic>\n                    (70%),\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    (50%),\n                    <jats:italic>mcr-2\u2013mcr-5<\/jats:italic>\n                    (29%\u201335%),\n                    <jats:italic>aac<\/jats:italic>\n                    (6\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\n                    )\u2010Ib\u2010cr (21%),\n                    <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n                    (19%),\n                    <jats:italic>qnrD<\/jats:italic>\n                    (18%),\n                    <jats:italic>cmlA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (13%), and\n                    <jats:italic>sul1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (8%) were the most prevalent ARGs detected. The principal component analysis revealed distinct ARG profiles by production stage, with the highest diversity of ARGs found in RMS. All five\n                    <jats:italic>mcr<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes were detected in CBFs and RMSs, raising concerns about resistance to colistin, a last\u2010resort antibiotic for human medicine. The highest co\u2010occurrence was observed between doxycycline resistance and the\n                    <jats:italic>tetA<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. Hierarchical clustering for AMR phenotypes and genotypes was performed using Ward\u2032s minimum variance method. A main cluster was identified, which included co\u2010occurrence of resistance to tetracyclines, quinolones, aminoglycosides, and\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010lactams within the same isolates. Clustering of AMR phenotypes did not result in clear separation of isolates by source (HAT, CBFs, or RMSs), suggesting dissemination or persistence of shared resistance profiles across production stages. This study highlights the presence and diversity of ARGs, as well as resistance to critically important antimicrobials, and calls for interventions, including antimicrobial stewardship, enhanced biosecurity, good farming and meat processing practices, and routine surveillance to mitigate AMR.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijfo\/8152167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:00:15Z","timestamp":1777460415000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Profiling of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Genotype\u2013Phenotype Associations in\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    spp. Isolated Along the Broiler Production Chain in Karnataka, India"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5105-4143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Nasim","family":"Sohail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3264-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srikrishna","family":"Isloor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2266-6853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doddamane","family":"Rathnamma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Chandra","family":"Priya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belamaranahally M.","family":"Veeregowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5260-2159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagendra R.","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4709-4190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola J.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2751-3677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Csaba","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","volume-title":"Food Security in a Developing World: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities","author":"Kashyap D.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","volume-title":"Agricultural Value Chains in India: Ensuring Competitiveness, Inclusiveness, Sustainability, Scalability, and Improved Finance","author":"Nanda Kumar T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orp.2023.100273"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","unstructured":"SasidharP. 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