{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T23:16:32Z","timestamp":1773011792438,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":329,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to recent research, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) can cause liver injury, which may be linked to a poorer prognosis. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the incidence of high liver enzyme levels in patients with COVID\u201019 and their correlation with the severity and prognosis of clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A retrospective cohort study was performed from March 2020 to October 2020 at Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital (PMAH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Demographic information of COVID\u201019 patients as well as data on clinical features and laboratory parameters were collected. Pearson\u2032s correlation (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) test was used to assess the correlation between elevated liver enzymes and COVID\u201019 severity. The multivariate logistic binary regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of elevated liver enzyme levels and mortality among patients with COVID\u201019.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cohort included 1033 patients, 73% of whom were male, with a mean age of 49.9 years. Elevated liver enzymes were observed in 52.7% of patients, most commonly with a hepatitis pattern (63.1%). Elevated levels of hemoglobin, creatine kinase\u2013myocardial band, and C\u2010reactive protein, as well as pneumoniae, the requirement of an intensive care unit, comorbidities, and the use of paracetamol,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010lactamase, and steroids were significant predictors of elevated liver enzymes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Interestingly, Saudi patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.019) were found to be a significant protective predictor of elevated liver enzymes. Our findings revealed that elevated liver enzyme levels were significantly correlated with the severity of COVID\u201019 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) in terms of qSOFA score. Moreover, older age, diabetes, qSOFA score, and elevated hepatitis enzymes were associated with mortality (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.043).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated liver enzyme levels were common in patients with COVID\u201019 and were associated with the severity and prognosis of clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijh\/7385050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T14:47:38Z","timestamp":1764168458000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Elevated Liver Enzymes on the Severity of Clinical Course of COVID\u201019: A Retrospective Study From Saudi 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