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Netrin\u20101 inhibits leukocyte migration and inflammation\u2010related tissue damage outside the central nervous system. Therefore, it can be viewed as a potential biomarker for inflammatory activity in neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies highlight the dual roles of Netrin\u20101 in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. In the context of neurodegeneration, Netrin\u20101 demonstrates both protective and harmful effects. This review highlights recent advancements in research regarding the dual roles of Netrin\u20101 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. We discuss its involvement in protecting the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) and regulating immune cell migration and its effects on various neurodegenerative diseases. 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